Departamento de Zoología y Antropología Física, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain.
Forensic Sci Int. 2012 Oct 10;222(1-3):266-76. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
In recent years, both scientific and judicial sources have highlighted the need for more knowledge about minutiae variability, in order to improve their statistical application to fingerprint identification. In line with this trend toward improving our knowledge of this subject, the aim of the present study was to calculate the frequency with which 20 types of minutiae appeared in 2780 fingerprint impressions obtained from 278 individuals from two Argentinian population samples (100 individuals from Ramal and 178 from Puna-Quebrada). The different types of minutiae were located, identified, and quantified visually in two areas on the fingerprint, the inside and outside of a circle, the radius of which cut fifteen ridges perpendicularly, starting from the center cut of the axes defining the sectors. The non-equiprobability found in both population samples for the different minutiae types studied demonstrated that the evidential weight provided by these characteristics is not the same when applied in identification processes, whether used quantitatively (numerical standard) or qualitatively (holistic method). The results obtained for both populations were compared statistically with those published previously for a Spanish population sample, which had been collected using the same methodology. This comparison has enabled us to demonstrate, for the first time, the existence of significant differences between populations in minutiae frequencies, independently from the main pattern type.
近年来，科学和司法领域都强调需要更多关于细节变异性的知识，以便改进其在指纹识别中的统计应用。为了顺应这一趋势，提高我们对这一主题的认识，本研究旨在计算 20 种细节特征在来自阿根廷两个人群样本（Ramal 地区 100 人，Puna-Quebrada 地区 178 人）的 2780 个指纹印痕中的出现频率。在指纹的两个区域（圆内和圆外），通过视觉定位、识别和量化不同类型的细节特征，该圆的半径垂直切割 15 个脊线，从定义扇区的轴的中心切割开始。在两个人群样本中发现的不同细节类型的非等概率性表明，当应用于识别过程时，这些特征提供的证据权重并不相同，无论是定量的（数字标准）还是定性的（整体方法）。对两个人群的结果进行了统计学比较，并与之前使用相同方法收集的西班牙人群样本的结果进行了比较。这种比较首次证明了细节特征频率在人群之间存在显著差异，而与主要模式类型无关。
