Karakuła Juchnowicz Hanna, Łukasik Paulina, Morylowska-Topolska Justyna, Krukow Paweł
Zakład Neuropsychiatrii Klinicznej UM w Lublinie.
Samodzielny Publiczny Wojewódzki Szpital Psychiatryczny w Radecznicy.
Psychiatr Pol. 2017 Feb 26;51(1):63-74. doi: 10.12740/PP/64193.
The aim of the study was to find factors associated with higher severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in female patients experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV).
The study was conducted in six randomly selected primary healthcare centers in Lublin province. The HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and a structured questionnaire designed by the authors were administered to a total of 350 consecutive female patients visiting a GP. Fully completed questionnaire forms were obtained from 200 women. 102 (51%) participants who confirmed experiencing IPV ultimately made up the study cohort. Sequential models were created using backward stepwise multiple regression to investigate the potential risk and the protective factors associated with higher severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the study group.
68% and 56% of the participants respectively had positive scores on the HADS anxiety and depression subscales. Living in a small town or in the countryside was associated with higher scores on the anxiety subscale (b = -1.18, p = 0.003), but not on the depression subscale. Chronic physical illness (b = 2.42, p = 0.013; b = 2.86, p = 0.015), being unemployed (b = 0.58, p = 0.024; b = 0.69, p = 0.008), and exposure to economic violence (b = 3.97, p < 0.001; b = 3.88, p = 0.001) were associated with higher scores on both subscales of the HADS. The fact of receiving financial support (b = 2.67, p = 0.002; b = 2.68, p = 0.003) was a protective factor against both kinds of symptoms. Exposure to physical violence was associated with higher scores on the depression subscale (b = 3.09, p = 0.005), but not on anxiety subscale.
The type of violence and socioeconomic characteristics were more strongly associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in women experiencing IPV than demographic variables.
本研究旨在找出亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）女性患者中与焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度较高相关的因素。
该研究在卢布林省随机选取的六个初级医疗保健中心进行。对连续就诊全科医生的350名女性患者进行了医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和作者设计的结构化问卷调查。从200名女性那里获得了完整填写的问卷。最终，102名（51%）确认遭受IPV的参与者组成了研究队列。使用向后逐步多元回归创建顺序模型，以调查研究组中与焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度较高相关的潜在风险和保护因素。
分别有68%和56%的参与者在HADS焦虑和抑郁子量表上得分呈阳性。生活在小镇或农村与焦虑子量表得分较高相关（b = -1.18，p = 0.003），但与抑郁子量表无关。慢性身体疾病（b = 2.42，p = 0.013；b = 2.86，p = 0.015）、失业（b = 0.58，p = 0.024；b = 0.69，p = 0.008）以及遭受经济暴力（b = 3.97，p < 0.001；b = 3.88，p = 0.001）与HADS两个子量表得分较高相关。获得经济支持这一事实（b = 2.67，p = 0.002；b = 2.68，p = 0.003）是两种症状的保护因素。遭受身体暴力与抑郁子量表得分较高相关（b = 3.09，p = 0.005），但与焦虑子量表无关。
在遭受IPV的女性中，暴力类型和社会经济特征比人口统计学变量与焦虑和抑郁症状的关联更强。
