Zhou Qiongjie, Wang Qiaomei, Shen Haiping, Zhang Yiping, Zhang Shikun, Li Xiaotian, Acharya Ganesh
Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromso, Norway.
Department of Maternal and Child Health, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
Vaccine. 2017 May 25;35(23):3076-3081. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.04.044. Epub 2017 Apr 26.
Population-based studies on sero-epidemiology of Rubella in women before conception are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the sero-prevalence of Rubella in a nationwide survey among Chinese women planning to get pregnant within six months.
This population-based, cross-sectional, sero-survey of Rubella virus infection was a part of the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project covering all 31 provinces in Mainland China. Women intending to get pregnant within six months was enrolled between 2010 and 12. Information on demographic characteristics (age, residence status, race, education and occupation) and vaccination history was obtained by interviews. Rubella virus IgG sero-positivity was determined using venous blood samples.
Of 2,120,131 women recruited to the study, Rubella virus IgG serology was available in 1,974,188 (99.3%). Participating women were of young age (median=28years), mostly engaged in agricultural activities (78%), and the majority (90%) had high school education or lower. The overall prevalence of Rubella virus IgG sero-positivity was 58.4% (1,161,129); geographical variation ranged from 92.5% in Jilin to 20.1% in Qinghai and 0.0% in Tibet. Only 4.6% (n=91,604) women reported to have had Rubella virus vaccination, and it varied from 18.6% (Guangdong) to 0.2% (Qinghai). Self-reported vaccination status did not correlate with Rubella virus IgG seropositivity.
Prevalence of Rubella sero-positivity is low among Chinese women of reproductive age and there are significant regional differences. Over 40% of women being susceptible to Rubella in preconception period calls for a targeted screening and vaccination strategy.
目前缺乏基于人群的孕前女性风疹血清流行病学研究。本研究的目的是在一项全国性调查中，调查计划在六个月内怀孕的中国女性风疹的血清阳性率。
这项基于人群的风疹病毒感染横断面血清学调查是国家免费孕前健康检查项目的一部分，覆盖中国大陆所有31个省份。2010年至2012年期间纳入了计划在六个月内怀孕的女性。通过访谈获取人口统计学特征（年龄、居住状况、种族、教育程度和职业）以及疫苗接种史的信息。使用静脉血样本测定风疹病毒IgG血清阳性。
在招募到该研究中的2,120,131名女性中，1,974,188名（99.3%）有风疹病毒IgG血清学检测结果。参与研究的女性年龄较轻（中位数=28岁），大多从事农业活动（78%），大多数（90%）具有高中及以下学历。风疹病毒IgG血清阳性的总体患病率为58.4%（1,161,129）；地理差异范围从吉林的92.5%到青海的20.1%以及西藏的0.0%。只有4.6%（n = 91,604）的女性报告接种过风疹病毒疫苗，且从18.6%（广东）到0.2%（青海）不等。自我报告的疫苗接种状况与风疹病毒IgG血清阳性不相关。
中国育龄女性风疹血清阳性率较低且存在显著的地区差异。超过40%的女性在孕前易感染风疹，这需要有针对性的筛查和疫苗接种策略。
