Joki Anu, Mäkelä Johanna, Fogelholm Mikael
Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, Building: 2029, Helsingin Yliopisto, Finland.
Department of Teacher Education, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 8, Building: 312, Helsingin Yliopisto, Finland.
Appetite. 2017 Sep 1;116:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.04.031. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Maintaining normal weight in the current obesogenic environment is a challenge. However, some people can do it. More insight is needed to understand how and why some people succeed in long-term weight maintenance. This study uses a rare, qualitative approach by describing the thoughts of successful weight management and self-perceived requirements for success in weight maintenance. We interviewed 39 individuals who have maintained normal weight for their entire lives (men and women). The content analysis revealed a main theme: flexible, permissive and conscious self-regulation, which was divided into two subthemes (eating-related behavior and weight-related behavior). The informants reported certain routines that supported their weight management: regular eating, sufficient meal sizes, eating in response to hunger, healthy and vegetable-rich diet along with moderate feasting and flexible eating restriction. Flexibility in routines allowed freedom in their eating behavior. In addition, informants regarded themselves as physically active, and they enjoyed regular exercise. Regular weighing was generally considered unnecessary. Normal weight was regarded as a valuable and worthwhile issue, and most of the informants worked to keep their weight stable. Although the perceived workload varied among informants, the weight management strategies were similar. It was crucial to be conscious of the balance between eating and energy consumption. Further, flexibility characterized their behavior and was the basis of successful weight management. Women were more aware of weight control practices and knowledge than men, but otherwise, women and men reported similar weight management methods and attitudes. In conclusion, the interviewees who have maintained the normal weight had created a personal weight-management support environment where weight management was a lifestyle.
在当前这种易导致肥胖的环境中维持正常体重是一项挑战。然而，有些人能够做到。我们需要更深入地了解有些人是如何以及为何能成功长期维持体重的。本研究采用了一种罕见的定性方法，描述成功体重管理的想法以及自我认知的体重维持成功所需条件。我们采访了39位一生都保持正常体重的人（男性和女性）。内容分析揭示了一个主要主题：灵活、宽松且有意识的自我调节，这又分为两个子主题（与饮食相关的行为和与体重相关的行为）。受访者报告了一些支持他们体重管理的日常习惯：规律饮食、食量充足、因饥饿而进食、健康且富含蔬菜的饮食，同时适度享受美食和灵活控制饮食。日常习惯的灵活性让他们在饮食行为上有了自由度。此外，受访者认为自己身体活跃，且喜欢定期锻炼。他们普遍认为定期称体重没有必要。正常体重被视为一个有价值且值得关注的问题，大多数受访者努力保持体重稳定。尽管不同受访者感知到的工作量有所不同，但体重管理策略是相似的。意识到饮食与能量消耗之间的平衡至关重要。此外，灵活性是他们行为的特征，也是成功体重管理的基础。女性比男性更了解体重控制方法和知识，但除此之外，女性和男性报告的体重管理方法和态度相似。总之，保持正常体重的受访者创造了一个个人体重管理支持环境，在这个环境中，体重管理是一种生活方式。
