Peterson Elizabeth K, Wilson Diane T, Possidente Bernard, McDaniel Phillip, Morley Eric J, Possidente Debra, Hollocher Kurt T, Ruden Douglas M, Hirsch Helmut V B
Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany-State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
Chemosphere. 2017 Aug;181:368-375. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.091. Epub 2017 Apr 21.
We examined accumulation, sequestration, elimination, and genetic variation for lead (Pb) loads within and between generations of Drosophila melanogaster. Flies were reared in control or leaded medium at various doses and tested for their Pb loads at different stages of development (larvae, eclosion, newly-eclosed adults, and mature adults). Pb loads were tested using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). We found that D. melanogaster readily accumulated Pb throughout their lifespan and the levels of accumulation increased with Pb exposure in the medium. Wandering third-instar larvae accumulated more Pb than mature adults; this phenomenon may be due to elimination of Pb in the pupal cases during eclosion and/or depuration in adults post-eclosion. The accumulated Pb in mature adults was not transferred to F mature adult offspring. Using a set of recombinant inbred strains, we identified a quantitative trait locus for adult Pb loads and found that genetic variation accounted for 34% of the variance in Pb load. We concluded that D. melanogaster is a useful model organism for evaluating changes in Pb loads during development, as well as between generations. Furthermore, we found that genetic factors can influence Pb loads; this provides an essential foundation for evaluating phenotypic variation induced by the toxic effects of Pb.
我们研究了黑腹果蝇代内和代间铅（Pb）负荷的积累、隔离、消除及遗传变异情况。将果蝇饲养在不同剂量的对照培养基或含铅培养基中，并在发育的不同阶段（幼虫、羽化、新羽化的成虫和成熟成虫）检测其铅负荷。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）检测铅负荷。我们发现，黑腹果蝇在其整个生命周期中都能轻易积累铅，且积累水平会随着培养基中铅暴露量的增加而升高。三龄漫游幼虫积累的铅比成熟成虫更多；这种现象可能是由于羽化过程中蛹壳内的铅被清除和/或羽化后成虫的净化作用。成熟成虫体内积累的铅不会转移到F代成熟成虫后代体内。我们使用一组重组近交系，鉴定出一个与成虫铅负荷相关的数量性状位点，并发现遗传变异占铅负荷方差的34%。我们得出结论，黑腹果蝇是评估发育过程中以及代间铅负荷变化的有用模式生物。此外，我们发现遗传因素会影响铅负荷；这为评估铅毒性效应引起的表型变异提供了重要基础。
