Minichiello Alexa, Swab Michelle, Chongo Meck, Marshall Zack, Gahagan Jacqueline, Maybank Allison, Hot Aurélie, Schwandt Michael, Gaudry Sonia, Hurley Oliver, Asghari Shabnam
Centre for REACH in HIV/AIDS, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Health Sciences Library, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
Front Public Health. 2017 Apr 18;5:76. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00076. eCollection 2017.
HIV point-of-care testing (POCT) was approved for use in Canada in 2005 and provides important public health benefits by providing rapid screening results rather than sending a blood sample to a laboratory and waiting on test results. Access to test results soon after testing (or during the same visit) is believed to increase the likelihood that individuals will receive their results and improve access to confirmatory testing and linkages to care. This paper reviews the literature on the utilization of HIV POCT across Canadian provinces.
We searched OVID Medline, Embase, EBM Reviews, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and 20 electronic grey literature databases. All empirical studies investigating HIV POCT programs in Canada published in French or English were included.
Searches of academic databases identified a total of 6,091 records. After removing duplicates and screening for eligibility, 27 records were included. Ten studies are peer-reviewed articles, and 17 are grey literature reports. HIV POCT in Canada is both feasible and accepted by Canadians. It is preferred to conventional HIV testing (ranging from 81.1 to 97%), and users are highly satisfied with the testing process (ranging between 96 and 100%).
The majority of studies demonstrate that HIV POCT is feasible, preferred, and accepted by diverse populations in Canada. Losses to follow-up and linkage rates are also good. However, more research is needed to understand how best to scale up HIV POCT in contexts that currently have very limited or no access to testing.
艾滋病毒即时检测（POCT）于2005年在加拿大获批使用，通过提供快速筛查结果而非将血样送往实验室并等待检测结果，带来了重要的公共卫生效益。检测后不久（或在同一次就诊期间）就能获取检测结果，被认为会增加个体收到结果的可能性，并改善获得确证检测及护理联系的机会。本文综述了加拿大各省艾滋病毒即时检测利用情况的文献。
我们检索了OVID Medline、Embase、循证医学评价、PsycINFO、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）以及20个电子灰色文献数据库。纳入所有以法语或英语发表的、调查加拿大艾滋病毒即时检测项目的实证研究。
对学术数据库的检索共识别出6091条记录。在去除重复记录并筛选合格记录后，纳入了27条记录。其中10项研究为同行评议文章，17项为灰色文献报告。加拿大的艾滋病毒即时检测既可行又为加拿大人所接受。它比传统艾滋病毒检测更受青睐（比例从81.1%至97%不等），用户对检测过程高度满意（满意度在96%至100%之间）。
大多数研究表明，艾滋病毒即时检测在加拿大是可行的，受到不同人群的青睐和接受。随访失访率和联系率也较好。然而，需要更多研究来了解如何在目前检测机会非常有限或根本没有检测机会的情况下，最好地扩大艾滋病毒即时检测的规模。
