Connor Thomas H, Smith Jerome P
Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH USA.
Pharm Technol Hosp Pharm. 2016 Sep;1(3):107-114. doi: 10.1515/pthp-2016-0009. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
At the present time, the method of choice to determine surface contamination of the workplace with antineoplastic and other hazardous drugs is surface wipe sampling and subsequent sample analysis with a variety of analytical techniques. The purpose of this article is to review current methodology for determining the level of surface contamination with hazardous drugs in healthcare settings and to discuss recent advances in this area. In addition it will provide some guidance for conducting surface wipe sampling and sample analysis for these drugs in healthcare settings.
Published studies on the use of wipe sampling to measure hazardous drugs on surfaces in healthcare settings drugs were reviewed. These studies include the use of well-documented chromatographic techniques for sample analysis in addition to newly evolving technology that provides rapid analysis of specific antineoplastic.
Methodology for the analysis of surface wipe samples for hazardous drugs are reviewed, including the purposes, technical factors, sampling strategy, materials required, and limitations. The use of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) and fluorescence covalent microbead immunosorbent assay (FCMIA) for surface wipe sample evaluation is also discussed.
Current recommendations are that all healthcre settings where antineoplastic and other hazardous drugs are handled include surface wipe sampling as part of a comprehensive hazardous drug-safe handling program. Surface wipe sampling may be used as a method to characterize potential occupational dermal exposure risk and to evaluate the effectiveness of implemented controls and the overall safety program. New technology, although currently limited in scope, may make wipe sampling for hazardous drugs more routine, less costly, and provide a shorter response time than classical analytical techniques now in use.
目前，测定工作场所抗肿瘤药物及其他危险药物表面污染的首选方法是表面擦拭采样，随后使用多种分析技术对样品进行分析。本文的目的是回顾当前医疗环境中测定危险药物表面污染水平的方法，并讨论该领域的最新进展。此外，还将为在医疗环境中对这些药物进行表面擦拭采样和样品分析提供一些指导。
对已发表的关于在医疗环境中使用擦拭采样法测量表面危险药物的研究进行了综述。这些研究除了包括使用记录完善的色谱技术进行样品分析外，还涉及新出现的能够快速分析特定抗肿瘤药物的技术。
对危险药物表面擦拭样品的分析方法进行了综述，包括目的、技术因素、采样策略、所需材料和局限性。还讨论了使用侧向流动免疫分析（LFIA）和荧光共价微珠免疫吸附分析（FCMIA）评估表面擦拭样品的情况。
目前的建议是，所有处理抗肿瘤药物及其他危险药物的医疗环境都应将表面擦拭采样作为全面的危险药物安全处理计划的一部分。表面擦拭采样可作为一种方法，用于表征潜在的职业皮肤接触风险，评估实施控制措施的有效性以及整体安全计划。新技术虽然目前范围有限，但可能会使危险药物的擦拭采样更常规、成本更低，并且比目前使用的传统分析技术响应时间更短。
