Rubaiy Hussein Nori
School of Medicine, The Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.
J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017;20:48-67. doi: 10.18433/J32P6R.
The birth and discovery of electrophysiological science took place in the 18--th century laying the path for our understanding of nerve membrane ionic currents. The pore-forming proteins, ion channels, are involved and play critical roles in very important physiological and pathological processes, such as neuronal signaling and cardiac excitability, therefore, they serve as therapeutic drug targets. The study of physiological, pharmacological and biophysical properties of ion channels can be done by patch clamp, a gold standard and powerful electrophysiological technique. The current review, in addition to highlight and cover the history of electrophysiology, patch clamp (conventional and automated) technique, and different types of ion channels, will also discuss the importance of ion channels in different neurological diseases and disorders. As the field of neuroscience is growing, this manuscript is intended as a guide to help in understanding the importance of ion channels, particularly in neuroscience, and also in using the patch clamp technique for the study of molecular physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology of neuronal ion channels. Importantly, this review will spotlight on the therapeutic aspect of neuronal ion channels. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page.
电生理科学的诞生与发现发生在18世纪，为我们理解神经膜离子电流奠定了基础。形成孔道的蛋白质，即离子通道，参与了非常重要的生理和病理过程，如神经元信号传导和心脏兴奋性，并在其中发挥关键作用，因此，它们成为治疗药物的靶点。离子通道的生理、药理和生物物理特性的研究可以通过膜片钳技术来进行，这是一种金标准且强大的电生理技术。本综述除了突出和涵盖电生理学的历史、膜片钳（传统和自动化）技术以及不同类型的离子通道外，还将讨论离子通道在不同神经疾病和障碍中的重要性。随着神经科学领域的不断发展，本手稿旨在作为一个指南，帮助理解离子通道的重要性，特别是在神经科学领域，以及使用膜片钳技术研究神经元离子通道的分子生理学、病理生理学和药理学。重要的是，本综述将聚焦于神经元离子通道的治疗方面。 本文接受发表后评审。注册读者（见“致读者”）可通过点击该期目录页面上的“摘要”进行评论。
