Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science (DISAFA), University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Sep;61(9). doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201601098. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
The effects of long-term omnivore, ovo-lacto vegetarian and vegan diets on the occurrence of 12 antibiotic resistance (AR) genes in the human gut were studied.
The feces of 144 healthy volunteers recruited from Turin, Bari, Bologna, and Parma were screened for the occurrence of genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B, vancomycin, and β-lactams. Overall, erm(B), tet(W) and tet(M) were detected at the highest frequency. A low effect from the diet on the AR gene distribution emerged, with tet(K) and vanB occurring at a lower and higher frequency in vegans and omnivores, respectively. A correlation of the intake of eggs, milk from animal sources and cheese with an increased occurrence of tet(K) was observed, together with a higher incidence of vanB in consumers of eggs, poultry meat, fish and seafood. When the detection frequencies of AR genes in volunteers from Bari and the other sites were comparatively evaluated, a north-to-south gradient was observed, whereas no effect of sex or age was highlighted. Except for tet(K), a negligible three-factor interaction was seen.
A high impact of the geographical location on AR gene distribution was seen in the cohort of subjects analyzed, irrespective of their dietary habits.
研究了长期杂食、蛋奶素食和纯素饮食对人类肠道中 12 种抗生素耐药（AR）基因发生的影响。
从都灵、巴里、博洛尼亚和帕尔马招募的 144 名健康志愿者的粪便中筛选出对四环素、大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳性菌素 B、万古霉素和β-内酰胺类抗生素具有耐药性的基因。总体而言，erm(B)、tet(W)和 tet(M)的检出率最高。饮食对 AR 基因分布的影响很小，tet(K)和 vanB 在素食者和杂食者中的出现频率分别较低和较高。观察到摄入鸡蛋、动物源牛奶和奶酪与 tet(K)检出率增加之间存在相关性，同时摄入鸡蛋、家禽肉、鱼和海鲜的人群中 vanB 的发生率较高。当比较来自巴里和其他地点的志愿者中 AR 基因的检测频率时，观察到从北到南的梯度，而性别或年龄没有影响。除了 tet(K)，还观察到一个可以忽略不计的三因素相互作用。
在所分析的受试者队列中，地理位置对 AR 基因分布有很大影响，而与饮食习惯无关。
