Urazghildiiev Ildar R, Hannay David
JASCO Applied Sciences (Alaska) Inc., Anchorage, Alaska 99501, USA.
JASCO Applied Sciences (Canada) Ltd., Victoria, Canada.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 Apr;141(4):2548. doi: 10.1121/1.4979792.
The problem of estimating the azimuth and elevation angle of a sound source using a compact array of hydrophones is addressed. The closed-form representations for several time-difference of arrival (TDOA) based estimators are given, and their accuracies are evaluated using both statistical simulations and in situ tests. Simulations demonstrated that the accuracy provided by the estimators is close to the Cramér-Rao bounds. In real conditions, the main cause of azimuth and elevation errors can be refraction, surface and bottom reflections and other unpredictable sound propagation effects resulting in large and slowly changing errors.
研究了使用紧凑型水听器阵列估计声源方位角和仰角的问题。给出了几种基于到达时间差（TDOA）的估计器的闭式表达式，并通过统计模拟和现场测试评估了它们的精度。模拟表明，这些估计器提供的精度接近克拉美罗界。在实际条件下，方位角和仰角误差的主要原因可能是折射、海面和海底反射以及其他不可预测的声音传播效应，从而导致大的且缓慢变化的误差。
