Glahn R P, Wideman R F, Cowen B S
Department of Poultry Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802.
Poult Sci. 1988 Sep;67(9):1250-63. doi: 10.3382/ps.0671250.
Experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of Gray strain infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and high dietary calcium (Ca), alone and in combination, on renal function in pullets. Eight hundred female Single Comb White Leghorn chicks were raised on starter ration. Five hundred chicks were inoculated intravenously with Gray strain IBV at 4 wk of age; the remaining chicks were not exposed to IBV. At 6 wk of age, IBV-inoculated and uninoculated chicks were randomly divided into two diet treatment groups. Half the chicks were fed commercial grower ration (approximately 1.0% Ca, .6% available P) and half were fed commercial layer ration (approximately 3.25% Ca, .5% available P). Birds remained on their respective diets until 18 wk of age. Kidney function studies were conducted on anesthetized birds at 6 wk of age prior to initiation of the diet treatments, at 10 wk of age, and at 18 wk of age. The layer ration increased Ca excretion, decreased inorganic phosphate excretion, and decreased urine hydrogen ion concentration in 10-wk-old pullets in comparison with the grower ration. These diet effects on kidney function were attenuated when the pullets reached 18 wk of age. The layer ration also caused an 11.5% incidence of urolithiasis, and significantly increased kidney asymmetry in 18-wk-old pullets relative to the effects of the grower ration. Gray strain IBV exposure significantly increased kidney asymmetry in 18-wk-old pullets, but had no gross effect on kidney function clearly related to the etiology of urolithiasis. Gray strain IBV did not enhance the incidence of urolithiasis in any of the age groups.
实验旨在评估格雷毒株传染性支气管炎病毒（IBV）和高钙日粮单独及联合使用对雏鸡肾功能的影响。800只单冠白来航雌性雏鸡用雏鸡日粮饲养。500只雏鸡在4周龄时静脉接种格雷毒株IBV；其余雏鸡未接触IBV。6周龄时，接种IBV和未接种的雏鸡随机分为两个日粮处理组。一半雏鸡饲喂商品生长鸡日粮（约1.0%钙，0.6%有效磷），另一半饲喂商品蛋鸡日粮（约3.25%钙，0.5%有效磷）。鸡只一直食用各自的日粮直至18周龄。在日粮处理开始前的6周龄、10周龄和18周龄时，对麻醉的鸡只进行肾功能研究。与生长鸡日粮相比，蛋鸡日粮使10周龄雏鸡的钙排泄增加、无机磷排泄减少、尿氢离子浓度降低。当雏鸡达到18周龄时，这些日粮对肾功能的影响减弱。蛋鸡日粮还导致18周龄雏鸡尿路结石发病率为11.5%，且相对于生长鸡日粮的影响，显著增加了肾脏不对称性。接触格雷毒株IBV显著增加了18周龄雏鸡的肾脏不对称性，但对与尿路结石病因明确相关的肾功能没有明显影响。格雷毒株IBV在任何年龄组均未增加尿路结石的发病率。
