Méndez Fernández R, Barrera Ortega J
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital Clínico San Carlos y RM N.ª Sra. del Rosario, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico. Hospital Clínico San Carlos y RM N.ª Sra. del Rosario, Madrid, España.
Radiologia. 2017 Jul-Aug;59(4):286-296. doi: 10.1016/j.rx.2017.02.002. Epub 2017 May 2.
Endometriosis is common in women of reproductive age; it can cause pelvic pain and infertility. It is important to diagnose endometriosis and to thoroughly evaluate its extension, especially when surgical treatment is being considered. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with careful examination technique and interpretation enables more accurate and complete diagnosis and staging than ultrasonography, especially in cases of deep pelvic endometriosis. Furthermore, MRI can identify implants in sites that can be difficult to access in endoscopic or laparoscopic explorations. In this article, we describe the appropriate MRI protocol for the study of pelvic endometriosis and the MRI signs of pelvic organ involvement. It is necessary to know the subtle findings and to look for them so we can ensure that they are not overlooked. We describe clinical grading systems for endometriosis and review the diagnostic efficacy of MRI in comparison with other imaging techniques and surgery.
子宫内膜异位症在育龄女性中很常见；它可导致盆腔疼痛和不孕。诊断子宫内膜异位症并全面评估其病变范围很重要，尤其是在考虑手术治疗时。采用仔细的检查技术和解读方式的磁共振成像（MRI）比超声检查能更准确、更全面地进行诊断和分期，特别是在深部盆腔子宫内膜异位症的病例中。此外，MRI能够识别在内镜或腹腔镜探查中难以触及部位的病灶。在本文中，我们描述了用于盆腔子宫内膜异位症研究的合适MRI检查方案以及盆腔器官受累的MRI征象。有必要了解这些细微表现并加以寻找，以确保不被遗漏。我们描述了子宫内膜异位症的临床分级系统，并与其他成像技术及手术相比较，综述了MRI的诊断效能。
