McNelis Kera, Fu Ting Ting, Poindexter Brenda
Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.
Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2017 Jun;44(2):395-406. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.01.012. Epub 2017 Mar 18.
With advancements in the care of preterm infants, the goals in nutritional care have expanded from survival and mimicking fetal growth to optimizing neurodevelopmental outcomes. Inadequate nutritional support may be a risk factor for major complications of prematurity; conversely, higher disease burden is a risk for growth restriction. Early complete parenteral nutrition support, including intravenous lipid emulsion, should be adopted, and the next challenge that should be addressed is parenteral nutrition customized to fit the specific needs and metabolism of the extremely preterm infant. Standardized feeding protocols should be adopted.
随着早产儿护理水平的提高，营养护理的目标已从生存和模拟胎儿生长扩展到优化神经发育结局。营养支持不足可能是早产主要并发症的一个风险因素；相反，较高的疾病负担是生长受限的一个风险因素。应采用早期完全肠外营养支持，包括静脉输注脂肪乳剂，接下来应应对的挑战是根据极早早产儿的特殊需求和代谢定制肠外营养。应采用标准化喂养方案。
