HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Int J Drug Policy. 2017 Jun;44:86-91. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.03.011. Epub 2017 May 4.
Globally, one in three women who inject drugs is involved in sex work which increases their vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections including HIV. This study was conducted to improve our understanding of injection drug use practices among Iranian female sex workers (FSWs) and shed light on the high-risk profile of FSWs who inject drugs (FSW-IDUs).
This survey was conducted in 2010, by recruiting 872 FSWs through facility-based sampling from 21 sites in 13 cities in Iran. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and lifetime injection drug use was assessed through the responses to the question "Have you ever injected any illicit drugs?". Independent variables included a range of socio-demographic and risk characteristics. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate the correlates of lifetime history of injection drug use.
Median (Q1, Q3) age of the participants was 30 (25, 37) and a total of 127 (14.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.3-17.1) had ever injected drugs. In the multivariable logistic regression model, older age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=AOR=3.37, 95% CI: 1.64, 7.70; AOR=2.80, 95% CI: 1.11, 7.10), longer duration (>5 years) of involvement in sex work (AOR=1.06, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10), and history of drinking alcohol (AOR=4.42, 95% CI: 2.67, 7.32) were positively associated with lifetime history of drug injection and younger age at sex work debut (AOR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.96) was negatively associated with lifetime history of illicit drug injection among FSWs.
The prevalence of injection drug use among FSWs in Iran is concerning. Given the potential of this sub-population in bridging HIV into the general population, gender-sensitive and peer-led harm reduction programs should be further scaled up to meet the special needs of this vulnerable population.
全球每三名注射毒品的女性中就有一名从事性工作，这使她们更容易感染性传播感染，包括艾滋病毒。本研究旨在增进我们对伊朗女性性工作者（FSW）注射毒品行为的了解，并揭示注射毒品的 FSW（FSW-IDUs）的高危特征。
本调查于 2010 年进行，通过在伊朗 13 个城市的 21 个地点，从设施中招募了 872 名 FSW 进行了这项调查。通过面对面访谈收集数据，并通过回答“你是否曾经注射过任何非法药物？”来评估终生注射毒品的情况。自变量包括一系列社会人口统计学和风险特征。应用逻辑回归模型调查了终生注射毒品史的相关因素。
参与者的中位数（Q1，Q3）年龄为 30 岁（25 岁，37 岁），共有 127 人（14.6%，95%置信区间[CI]：12.3-17.1）曾注射过毒品。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，年龄较大（调整后的优势比[OR]=AOR=3.37，95%CI：1.64，7.70；AOR=2.80，95%CI：1.11，7.10），性工作年限较长（>5 年）（AOR=1.06，95%CI：1.02，1.10），以及饮酒史（AOR=4.42，95%CI：2.67，7.32）与终生注射毒品史呈正相关，性工作年龄较小（AOR=0.52，95%CI：0.28，0.96）与 FSW 终生非法药物注射史呈负相关。
伊朗 FSW 中注射毒品的流行率令人担忧。鉴于这一亚人群在将艾滋病毒传播到普通人群中的潜在作用，应进一步扩大以性别为敏感和以同伴为导向的减少伤害方案，以满足这一脆弱人群的特殊需求。
