Fernández-Valderas Carmen, Macías-Seda Juana, Gil-García Eugenia
Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.
Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España.
Enferm Clin. 2017 Nov-Dec;27(6):375-378. doi: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2017.03.011. Epub 2017 May 3.
Deafblindness is a disability resulting from the combination of visual and auditory sensory impairments, which can manifest in different levels causing special communication problems. Deafblind people have special needs that derive from difficulties in sensing, understanding, attention and a lack of the skills required to function effectively in society. Deafblindness requires specialized services, personnel specifically trained in its care and special methods for communication.
The main objective of this study is to explore the experiences of deafblind people in relation to health care throughout their lives. This study was developed at the St. Angela de la Cruz Centre, belonging to the Association of Parents of Deafblind People in Spain.
Phenomenological qualitative study, through semi-structured interviews with deafblind people at the St. Ángela de la Cruz Centre, Salteras (Seville), carried out in 2015, with the help of interpreters in Spanish sign language. Topics covered in the interviews refer to facilities, human resources, time waiting and health care.
Coinciding statements were obtained, where the participants point out architectural and educational barriers in health care and stand out better if the professionals know sign language.
It can be highlighted that healthcare professionals lack knowledge of all aspects of deafblindness, sign language in particular, and there is a shortage of signs and information for the deafblind. Moreover, alternatives are required to reduce waiting times and improve direct communication with health professionals.
聋盲症是一种由视觉和听觉感官障碍共同导致的残疾，其表现程度各异，会引发特殊的沟通问题。聋盲人有特殊需求，这些需求源于他们在感知、理解、注意力方面存在困难，且缺乏在社会中有效发挥作用所需的技能。聋盲症需要专门的服务、经过专门护理培训的人员以及特殊的沟通方法。
本研究的主要目的是探索聋盲人一生当中在医疗保健方面的经历。本研究在西班牙聋盲人家长协会所属的圣安赫拉·德拉克鲁斯中心开展。
采用现象学定性研究方法，于2015年在塞维利亚萨尔塔雷斯的圣安赫拉·德拉克鲁斯中心，借助西班牙语手语翻译，对聋盲人进行半结构化访谈。访谈涵盖的主题涉及设施、人力资源、候诊时间和医疗保健。
得到了一致的表述，参与者指出了医疗保健方面的建筑和教育障碍，并指出如果专业人员懂手语情况会更好。
可以强调的是，医疗保健专业人员缺乏对聋盲症各方面的了解，尤其是手语方面，而且为聋盲人提供标识和信息的情况不足。此外，需要采取其他措施来减少候诊时间，并改善与医疗专业人员的直接沟通。
