Edouard Thomas
Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2017 Jun;78(2):104-105. doi: 10.1016/j.ando.2017.04.007. Epub 2017 May 4.
Tall stature is statistically defined as a height standard deviation score (SDS) above 2 for a given age, sex and population group. The most common cause of tall stature is constitutional (often familial) tall stature. However, underlying endocrine or genetic disorders must be considered as some of them may require specific treatment or management. In constitutional tall stature, healthy children are referred to discuss treatment aiming at reducing adult height. The indications of treatment are rare and usually discussed in girls with extremely tall stature (height SDS>4, corresponding to 185cm in girls). The treatment options for tall children are limited and concerns have been raised about their long-term safety. Indeed, recent studies have suggested that high-dose estrogens in adolescent girls may be associated with an increased risk of infertility, as well as increased risk of cancer. Surgical epiphysiodesis has also been reported to reduce adult height but this invasive procedure in healthy children can be questionable and further data on its safety profile are required.
从统计学角度来看，身材高大被定义为在特定年龄、性别和人群组中身高标准差评分（SDS）高于2。身材高大最常见的原因是体质性（通常为家族性）身材高大。然而，必须考虑潜在的内分泌或遗传疾病，因为其中一些可能需要特定的治疗或管理。在体质性身材高大的情况下，健康儿童会被转诊来讨论旨在降低成人身高的治疗方法。治疗的适应症很少见，通常在身材极高的女孩（身高SDS>4，相当于女孩身高185厘米）中进行讨论。身材高大儿童的治疗选择有限，并且人们对其长期安全性表示担忧。事实上，最近的研究表明，青春期女孩使用高剂量雌激素可能与不孕风险增加以及癌症风险增加有关。据报道，手术性骨骺固定术也可降低成人身高，但在健康儿童中进行这种侵入性手术可能存在问题，并且需要更多关于其安全性的资料。
