Docherty Marcia A, Foran Kathleen E, Burnett-Roy Susan, May Samantha
Canadian National Institute of Health, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Medical Imaging Embrun-Casselman, Embrun, Ontario, Canada.
J Ultrasound Med. 2017 Sep;36(9):1841-1849. doi: 10.1002/jum.14229. Epub 2017 May 8.
Ultrasound departments in Canada frequently reduce patient bookings to support student training, which impacts not only patient care but also revenue generation. Therefore, physicians and employers are reluctant to host student sonographers, and educational programs struggle to find sufficient clinical placements for their students. Two research questions were investigated: (1) Can a pair scanning technique effectively integrate the student sonographer into the workplace without impacting patient volumes? (2) Does the pair scanning technique prepare the student sonographer for entry-level practice faster than traditional practice?
This research project was divided into 2 phases. The first phase used action research to develop the pair scanning protocol at a single site with a single preceptor and student. The second phase used a mixed methods approach to test the transferability of the pair scanning protocol across multiple sites, preceptors, and students.
In phase 1, the student sonographer performed a greater number of total examinations than the rest of her cohort (who were at different placement sites), and the higher performance of independent examinations by the student sonographer under the pair scanning technique was statistically significant [H = 36.297; P < .01]. In phase 2, the pair scanning group and the control group performed equally, with no statistically significant differences.
The pair scanning protocol is effective at integrating the student sonographer into the work flow without impacting patient care. It prepares the student sonographer for entry-level practice equally with traditional practice and may be most effective with the weak to average student.
加拿大的超声科室经常减少患者预约量以支持学生培训，这不仅影响患者护理，还影响创收。因此，医生和雇主不愿接收学生超声检查技师，而教育项目也难以找到足够的临床实习岗位供学生实习。本研究调查了两个问题：（1）双人扫描技术能否在不影响患者数量的情况下有效地将学生超声检查技师融入工作场所？（2）双人扫描技术是否比传统实习方式能让学生超声检查技师更快地为入门级实践做好准备？
本研究项目分为两个阶段。第一阶段采用行动研究法，在一个地点由一名带教老师和一名学生共同制定双人扫描方案。第二阶段采用混合方法，测试双人扫描方案在多个地点、带教老师和学生中的可转移性。
在第一阶段，该学生超声检查技师完成的总检查数量多于同组其他学生（他们在不同的实习地点），并且在双人扫描技术下该学生超声检查技师独立检查的较高表现具有统计学意义[H = 36.297；P < 0.01]。在第二阶段，双人扫描组和对照组表现相当，无统计学显著差异。
双人扫描方案能有效地将学生超声检查技师融入工作流程，且不影响患者护理。它能让学生超声检查技师与传统实习方式一样为入门级实践做好准备，对能力较弱至中等的学生可能最为有效。
