Bikashvili T, Lordkipanidze T, Gogichaishvili N, Pochkhidze N
I. Beritashvili Center of Experimental Biomedicine, Tbilisi; Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2017 Mar(264):119-126.
Arsenic is ranked first among toxicants posing a significant potential threat to human health based on known or suspected toxicity. Recent animal studies suggest that the brain is the major target of arsenic exposure. The present study demonstrates the effect of Arsenic compounds on behavior changes in different age (young and adult) groups of rats. In order to study anxiety behavior, learning and memory processes we used open field, elevated plus maze, spontaneous alteration behavior and multi-branched maze tests. Our experiments revealed that 68 mg/L (35 ppm) Sodium (meta) arsenite (when animals got arsenic from drinking water for three months) induces more significant effect on body weight gain in adult rats rather than in young ones. Arsenic exposure may result in rat's emotional instability despite the animals' age. According to the spontaneous alteration test, obtained data revealed that behavior is changed only in adult rats compared to control ones. Also it was found that Arsenic consumption at the same concentration induces considerable difficulties in learning process (multi-branched maze test results) in the adult arsenic exposed group. We have found differences in maze test performance, during fulfilling memory tasks by arsenic exposed animals in comparison to control ones. This distinction was mostly notable in young groups. These data show that Arsenic exposure affects short-term memory more dramatically in adult animals rather than of young ones, whereas difficulties in long-term memory were detected among young animals.
基于已知或疑似毒性，砷在对人类健康构成重大潜在威胁的有毒物质中排名第一。最近的动物研究表明，大脑是砷暴露的主要靶点。本研究证明了砷化合物对不同年龄（幼年和成年）组大鼠行为变化的影响。为了研究焦虑行为、学习和记忆过程，我们使用了旷场试验、高架十字迷宫试验、自发交替行为试验和多分支迷宫试验。我们的实验表明，68毫克/升（35 ppm）的偏亚砷酸钠（当动物饮用含砷水三个月时）对成年大鼠体重增加的影响比对幼年大鼠更显著。无论动物年龄如何，砷暴露都可能导致大鼠情绪不稳定。根据自发交替试验，获得的数据显示，与对照组相比，只有成年大鼠的行为发生了变化。还发现，相同浓度的砷摄入会使成年砷暴露组在学习过程中（多分支迷宫试验结果）出现相当大的困难。我们发现，与对照组相比，砷暴露动物在完成记忆任务时，迷宫试验表现存在差异。这种差异在幼年组中最为明显。这些数据表明，砷暴露对成年动物短期记忆的影响比对幼年动物更为显著，而幼年动物则存在长期记忆困难。
