Professor of Children's and Youth Studies, School of Social Work, Massey University, Private Bag, 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
School Social Work, Massey University, Private Bag, 11 222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Child Abuse Negl. 2017 Jul;69:201-212. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.04.029. Epub 2017 May 5.
This paper reports on the findings from a New Zealand longitudinal study of outcomes for a group of high risk, service-using youth (13-21 years, n=495). Consistent use of positive youth development practices (PYD) (rather than the total number of services used) predicted better outcomes. Patterns of risk and resilience endured over time. Individual risks undermined outcomes while resilience had a significant positive impact on outcomes. Contextual risks predicted increases in individual risks, but service delivery that adopted PYD practices contributed to reductions in levels of contextual risks over time. Youth with higher individual and contextual risks were less likely to report PYD service experiences. Individual risks were highest for indigenous youth (Māori) at entry to the study, levels which dropped significantly over time. White (Pākehā) youth had the lowest resilience and highest contextual risks over the course of the study. These differential patterns in risks and resilience indicate a need for services to adapt their responses to youth based on ethnicity and overall study findings confirm that when used consistently across service systems PYD-oriented service delivery produces better outcomes for high risk youth.
本文报告了一项针对新西兰一组高风险、服务使用者青年（13-21 岁，n=495）的纵向研究结果。一致使用积极的青年发展实践（PYD）（而不是使用的服务总数）预测了更好的结果。风险和弹性模式随着时间的推移而持续存在。个体风险破坏了结果，而弹性对结果有显著的积极影响。背景风险预测个体风险的增加，但采用 PYD 实践的服务提供有助于随着时间的推移降低背景风险水平。个体和背景风险较高的青年不太可能报告 PYD 服务体验。进入研究时，本土青年（毛利人）的个体风险最高，随着时间的推移，风险水平显著下降。在研究过程中，白种人（Pākehā）青年的适应力最低，背景风险最高。这些风险和适应力的差异模式表明，服务机构需要根据种族调整对青年的反应，整体研究结果证实，当在服务系统中一致使用以 PYD 为导向的服务提供时，高风险青年的结果会更好。
