Hu C C, Li Y, Zhou B R, Liu C X, Li C Y, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Xu X
Department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China.
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi. 2017 May 4;55(5):355-359. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.05.009.
To explore the relationship between fathers' nursing time and maternal parenting stress of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD). Mothers of 98 ASD children who were first diagnosed in the department of Child Health Care, Children's Hospital of Fudan University during June 2015 to January 2016 were included in the ASD group, with mothers of 92 typical children from a Community Maternal and Child Health Hospital and a kindergarten in the control group. The evaluation of parenting stress, parents' nursing time and other related factors were cross-sectionally analyzed. Interview was conducted with the following tools: Parental Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF)for maternal parenting stress, and self-made General Parenting Information Questionnaire for nursing time of both parents and other related factors. The relationships were analyzed by Multiple Linear Regression analysis and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test. Maternal parenting stress of ASD children had a significant negative correlation with father's nursing time in total score of parenting stress, PCDI domain and PD domain (=-2.76, -2.98, -2.79; =0.007, 0.004, 0.006), within which PD domain also included family annual income and mothers' nursing time ((2)=0.22, 0.24, 0.25); while no such correlation was found in control group in terms of father's nursing time(=0.22, 0.42, 0.06). Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test showed that in 62 (63.3%) double-income ASD families and 72(78.3%) double-income typical families, there were significant differences between ASD fathers' and ASD mothers'and typical fathers'nursing time(2.0(0.5, 2.1). 3.5(2.4, 6.0). 3.0(2.0, 4.7)h, =-86.32、-49.65, all <0.01). Lack of fathers' involvements was common in ASD children's families. Increasing these fathers' nursing time, as well as their enthusiasm and initiative in the family intervention could relieve maternal parenting stress and improve the intervention pattern of ASD children.
探讨孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）患儿父亲的照料时间与母亲养育压力之间的关系。选取2015年6月至2016年1月在复旦大学附属儿科医院儿童保健科首次确诊的98例ASD患儿的母亲作为ASD组，选取来自某社区妇幼保健院和一所幼儿园的92例正常儿童的母亲作为对照组。采用横断面研究方法分析养育压力、父母照料时间及其他相关因素。采用以下工具进行访谈：用父母压力指数简表（PSI-SF）评估母亲的养育压力，用自制的一般养育信息问卷评估父母双方的照料时间及其他相关因素。采用多重线性回归分析和Wilcoxon秩和检验分析两者之间的关系。ASD患儿母亲的养育压力在养育压力总分、PCDI领域和PD领域与父亲的照料时间呈显著负相关（β=-2.76、-2.98、-2.79；P=0.007、0.004、0.006），其中PD领域还包括家庭年收入和母亲的照料时间（R²=0.22、0.24、0.25）；而对照组在父亲照料时间方面未发现此类相关性（P=0.22、0.42、0.06）。Wilcoxon秩和检验显示，在62个（63.3%）双收入ASD家庭和72个（78.3%）双收入正常家庭中，ASD患儿父亲与母亲以及正常儿童父亲的照料时间存在显著差异（2.0（0.5，2.1）、3.5（2.4，6.0）、3.0（2.0，4.7）小时，Z=-86.32、-49.65，均P<0.01）。ASD患儿家庭普遍存在父亲参与度不足的情况。增加这些父亲的照料时间，以及他们在家庭干预中的积极性和主动性，可以减轻母亲的养育压力，改善ASD患儿的干预模式。
