1Institute for Healthcare Management and Health Sciences,University of Bayreuth,Prieserstrasse 2,95444 Bayreuth,Germany.
2Department of Nursing and Health Sciences,University of Applied Sciences Fulda,Fulda,Germany.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Aug;20(11):1993-2003. doi: 10.1017/S1368980017000593. Epub 2017 May 10.
To analyse and compare the cost-effectiveness of different interventions to reduce salt consumption.
A systematic review of published cost-effectiveness analyses (CEA) and cost-utility analyses (CUA) was undertaken in the databases EMBASE, MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane and others until July 2016. Study selection was limited to CEA and CUA conducted in member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in English, German or French, without time limit. Outcomes measures were life years gained (LYG), disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Relevant aspects in modelling were analysed and compared. Quality assessments were conducted using the Drummond and Jefferson/British Medical Journal checklist.
OECD member countries.
Mainly adults.
Fourteen CEA and CUA were included in the review which analysed different strategies: salt reduction or substitution in processed foods, taxes, labelling, awareness campaigns and targeted dietary advice. Fifty-nine out of sixty-two scenarios were cost-saving. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio in international dollars (Intl.$; 2015) was particularly low for taxes, a salt reduction by food manufacturers and labelling (303 900 Intl.$/DALY). However, only six studies analysed cost-effectiveness from a societal perspective and quality assessments showed flaws in conducting and a lack of transparency in reporting.
A population-wide salt reduction could be cost-effective in prevention of hypertension and CVD in OECD member countries. However, comparability between study results is limited due to differences in modelling, applied perspectives and considered data.
分析和比较不同干预措施降低盐摄入量的成本效益。
在 EMBASE、MEDLINE（PubMed）、Cochrane 及其他数据库中系统检索已发表的成本效益分析（CEA）和成本效用分析（CUA），检索时间截至 2016 年 7 月。研究选择仅限于经合组织（OECD）成员国以英语、德语或法语进行的 CEA 和 CUA，无时间限制。结果测量指标为生命年获益（LYG）、残疾调整生命年（DALY）和质量调整生命年（QALY）。对模型中的相关方面进行分析和比较。使用 Drummond 和 Jefferson/British Medical Journal 清单进行质量评估。
OECD 成员国。
主要为成年人。
本研究共纳入 14 项 CEA 和 CUA，分析了不同策略：加工食品中的盐减量化或替代、税收、标签、宣传活动和针对性饮食建议。62 个方案中的 59 个具有成本效益。以国际元（Intl.$；2015 年）表示的增量成本效益比特别低的是税收、食品制造商盐减量化和标签（303900 Intl.$/DALY）。然而，只有 6 项研究从社会角度分析了成本效益，质量评估显示在实施过程中存在缺陷，报告缺乏透明度。
在经合组织成员国中，降低人群盐摄入量可能在预防高血压和 CVD 方面具有成本效益。然而，由于建模、应用视角和考虑的数据存在差异，研究结果的可比性有限。
