Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017 Dec;18(6):763-770. doi: 10.1007/s40257-017-0289-6.
Onychotillomania, defined as self-induced trauma to the nail unit, either by picking or pulling at the nails, affects 0.9% of the population. It may lead to severe irreversible nail dystrophy, melanonychia, or infections. Although no large clinical trials have assessed the efficacy of treatments, cognitive-behavioral therapy, physical barrier methods, and pharmacological treatments have shown some benefits in case reports. The objective of this article is to review the prevalence, diagnostic criteria, etiology, historical and physical examination findings, pathological features, and current treatment methods. Onychotillomania remains a clinical challenge to dermatologists, pediatricians, internists, and psychiatrists in practice, as there are no evidence-based treatment methods.
咬甲癖，定义为通过咬或拔指甲对指甲单元造成的自我损伤，影响 0.9%的人群。它可能导致严重的不可逆的指甲营养不良、甲母痣或感染。虽然没有大型临床试验评估过治疗方法的疗效，但认知行为疗法、物理屏障方法和药物治疗在病例报告中显示出了一些益处。本文的目的是回顾咬甲癖的患病率、诊断标准、病因、历史和体格检查结果、病理特征以及当前的治疗方法。由于没有基于证据的治疗方法，咬甲癖仍然是皮肤科医生、儿科医生、内科医生和精神科医生在实践中面临的临床挑战。
