Suszter Gabriela K, Ambrus Árpád
a Wessling Hungary Ltd. , Budapest , Hungary.
b Retired from National Food Chain Safety Office , Budapest , Hungary.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2017 Aug 3;52(8):557-563. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1316171. Epub 2017 May 10.
Pesticide residues were determined in about 120 soil cores taken randomly from the top 15 cm layer of two sunflower fields about 30 days after preemergence herbicide treatments. Samples were extracted with acetone-ethyl acetate mixture and the residues were determined with GC-TSD. Residues of dimethenamid, pendimethalin, and prometryn ranged from 0.005 to 2.97 mg/kg. Their relative standard deviations (CV) were between 0.66 and 1.13. The relative frequency distributions of residues in soil cores were very similar to those observed in root and tuber vegetables grown in pesticide treated soils. Based on all available information, a typical CV of 1.00 was estimated for pesticide residues in primary soil samples (soil cores). The corresponding expectable relative uncertainty of sampling is 20% when composite samples of size 25 are taken. To obtain a reliable estimate of the average residues in the top 15 cm layer of soil of a field up to 8 independent replicate random samples should be taken. To obtain better estimate of the actual residue level of the sampled filed would be marginal if larger number of samples were taken.
在苗前除草剂处理约30天后，从两块向日葵田表层15厘米土层中随机采集约120个土芯，测定其中的农药残留。样品用丙酮 - 乙酸乙酯混合物萃取，残留量用气相色谱 - 热离子检测器测定。二甲戊灵、二甲戊乐灵和扑草净的残留量在0.005至2.97毫克/千克之间。它们的相对标准偏差（CV）在0.66至1.13之间。土芯中残留量的相对频率分布与在农药处理土壤中种植的根菜类和块茎类蔬菜中观察到的分布非常相似。根据所有可用信息，估计初级土壤样品（土芯）中农药残留的典型CV为1.00。当采集大小为25的混合样品时，相应的预期采样相对不确定度为20%。为了可靠估计田间表层15厘米土层中农药残留的平均值，应采集多达8个独立重复随机样品。如果采集更多数量的样品，对于获取采样田实际残留水平的更好估计作用不大。
