Wunsch Kathrin, Kasten Nadine, Fuchs Reinhard
Department of Sport Science, Sport Psychology Unit, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2017 Apr 26;9:117-126. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S132078. eCollection 2017.
The stress-buffering hypothesis postulates that physical activity and exercise can buffer the negative effects of (academic) stress on health. It still remains an open question whether students, who regularly engage in physical activity and exercise within their academic examination period, can successfully diminish these negative effects. Sixty-four subjects participated in this study and completed a total of five surveys, with T1 at the end of the semester break (baseline) and T2-T5 being presented every Friday in the last 4 weeks of the semester (examination period). They were asked to answer questions about their activity level, sleep quality, well-being and affect. Hierarchical linear models showed significant dependencies on time for all dependent measures. The expansion of the model for exercise also showed significant main effects of this predictor on well-being and positive affect (PA) and negative affect. Moreover, significant interactions with time for sleep quality and PA were found. Results suggest that physical activity and exercise in the academic examination period may be able to buffer the negative effects of stress on health-related outcomes. Therefore, activity levels should be maintained in times of high stress to prevent negative effects on sleep, well-being and affect in students.
压力缓冲假说认为，体育活动和锻炼可以缓冲（学业）压力对健康的负面影响。经常在学业考试期间进行体育活动和锻炼的学生是否能够成功减轻这些负面影响，这仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。64名受试者参与了这项研究，并总共完成了五项调查，T1在学期休息结束时（基线），T2 - T5在学期的最后四周（考试期间）每周五进行。他们被要求回答有关其活动水平、睡眠质量、幸福感和情绪的问题。分层线性模型显示，所有因变量指标都对时间有显著依赖性。锻炼模型的扩展也显示了该预测变量对幸福感、积极情绪（PA）和消极情绪有显著的主效应。此外，还发现了睡眠质量和积极情绪与时间的显著交互作用。结果表明，学业考试期间的体育活动和锻炼可能能够缓冲压力对健康相关结果的负面影响。因此，在压力大的时候应保持活动水平，以防止对学生的睡眠、幸福感和情绪产生负面影响。
