Khan Murad, Khan Shujaul Mulk, Ilyas Muhammad, Alqarawi Abdulaziz A, Ahmad Zeeshan, Abd Allah Elsayed Fathi
Department of Botany, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2017 May;24(4):778-786. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.11.018. Epub 2016 Dec 9.
The current analyses of vegetation were aimed to study the different effects of environmental variables and plant species and communities interaction to these variables, identified threats to local vegetation and suggestion for remedial measures in the Mount Eelum, Swat, Pakistan. For assessment of environmental variability quantitative ecological techniques were used through quadrats having sizes of 2 × 2, 5 × 5 and 10 × 10 m for herbs, shrubs and trees respectively. Result of the present study revealed 124 plant species in the study area. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to analyze the ecological gradient of vegetation. The environmental data and species abundance were used in CANOCO software version 4.5. The presence absence data of plant species were elaborated with Cluster and Two Way Cluster Analysis techniques using PC-ORD version 5 to show different species composition that resulted in five plant communities. Findings indicate that elevation, aspect and soil texture are the strongest variables that have significant effect on species composition and distribution of various communities shown with value 0.0500. It is recommended to protect and use sensibly whole of the Flora normally and rare species particularly in the region.
当前对植被的分析旨在研究环境变量以及植物物种与群落对这些变量的相互作用所产生的不同影响，识别巴基斯坦斯瓦特埃勒姆山当地植被面临的威胁，并提出补救措施建议。为评估环境变异性，通过分别设置面积为2×2米、5×5米和10×10米的样方，运用定量生态技术对草本植物、灌木和树木进行研究。本研究结果显示，研究区域内有124种植物。采用典范对应分析（CCA）来分析植被的生态梯度。环境数据和物种丰度数据在CANOCO软件4.5版本中进行分析。利用PC - ORD 5版本的聚类分析和双向聚类分析技术阐述植物物种的存在/缺失数据，从而呈现出不同的物种组成，最终形成了五个植物群落。研究结果表明，海拔、坡向和土壤质地是对物种组成和各群落分布影响最为显著的变量，显著性水平为0.0500。建议对该地区的整个植物区系，尤其是常见物种和珍稀物种进行合理保护和利用。
