Maia Carla, Sousa Cristina, Ramos Cláudia, Cristóvão José Manuel, Faísca Pedro, Campino Lenea
Medical Parasitology Unit, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, New University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
JFMS Open Rep. 2015 Jul 1;1(2):2055116915593969. doi: 10.1177/2055116915593969. eCollection 2015 Jul-Dec.
This is the first clinical report of feline viscerocutaneous leishmaniosis caused by genotype E associated with an invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a domestic cat from Portugal. Initially, the cat presented a single cutaneous lesion in the right nostril. A fine-needle aspiration was performed and amastigotes were observed without the presence of cells compatible with neoplasia. Systemic treatment with allopurinol was started. One year later, the cat presented a crateriform non-encapsulated and badly delineated mass in the nasal planum, with naso-oral fistulation and nasal destruction. Histologically, the skin mass consisted on an ulcerative plaque-like lesion with a nasal SCC. MON-1 parasites were detected by histopathology, culture and PCR of the skin mass, submandibular and popliteal lymph nodes, liver and spleen. Restriction enzyme analysis revealed genotype E, previously identified in humans and dogs living in the same region.
This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first clinical report of feline viscerocutaneous leishmaniosis caused by genotype E. The detection and isolation of parasites from a cat that are genetically identical to the ones obtained from humans and dogs with visceral leishmaniosis highlights the need to clarify whether cats play a role in the epidemiology of this parasitic zoonosis. From a clinical point of view, this case reinforces the importance of including leishmaniosis in the differential diagnoses of feline pathology, especially in cats with cutaneous lesions.
这是首例关于由基因型E引起的猫内脏皮肤利什曼病的临床报告，该病例与一只来自葡萄牙的家猫身上的侵袭性鳞状细胞癌（SCC）相关。最初，这只猫右侧鼻孔出现单个皮肤病变。进行了细针穿刺抽吸，观察到无鞭毛体，未发现与肿瘤相符的细胞。开始用别嘌呤醇进行全身治疗。一年后，这只猫鼻平面出现一个火山口状、无包膜且边界不清的肿块，伴有鼻口瘘管形成和鼻腔破坏。组织学检查显示，皮肤肿块为伴有鼻SCC的溃疡性斑块样病变。通过对皮肤肿块、下颌下和腘窝淋巴结、肝脏和脾脏进行组织病理学、培养和PCR检测，发现了MON-1寄生虫。限制性酶切分析显示为基因型E，此前在同一地区生活的人类和犬类中已鉴定出该基因型。
据我们所知，这是首例关于由基因型E引起的猫内脏皮肤利什曼病的临床报告。从一只猫身上检测和分离出与内脏利什曼病患者和病犬所获寄生虫基因相同的寄生虫，这凸显了有必要弄清楚猫在这种寄生虫人畜共患病的流行病学中是否起作用。从临床角度来看，该病例强化了将利什曼病纳入猫科病理学鉴别诊断的重要性，尤其是对于有皮肤病变的猫。
