Department of Psychological Sciences.
Personal Disord. 2018 Jul;9(4):333-345. doi: 10.1037/per0000253. Epub 2017 May 11.
Impulsivity is a transdiagnostic dimension of crucial importance to understanding psychopathology, as it is highly relevant to a wide array of maladaptive life outcomes including substance use, criminality, and other risky behaviors. There exist a variety of operationalizations of impulsivity across the literature distinct nomological networks. In fact, research suggests that "impulsivity" is a multifaceted construct comprised of at least 4 distinct traits that have unique pathways to maladaptive behaviors. Those traits are positive and negative urgency, sensation seeking, premeditation, and perseverance. Thus, it is crucial that any diagnostic system, or model of maladaptive traits, capture the nuances among these impulsigenic traits. The present study investigated the conceptualization of impulsigenic traits within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Alternative personality disorder model and an alternative trait model to determine how well they captured these variants. This study obtained questionnaire ratings and behavioral task data from 450 community-dwelling adults oversampled for a history of involvement in the legal and/or mental health systems. The results showed that although the DSM-5 trait model captures well a broad conceptualization of impulsivity, some lower-order facets lack specificity. (PsycINFO Database Record
冲动性是理解精神病理学的一个重要的跨诊断维度，因为它与广泛的适应不良的生活结果高度相关，包括物质使用、犯罪和其他危险行为。文献中有多种冲动性的操作化定义，具有不同的关联网络。事实上，研究表明，“冲动性”是一个多方面的结构，由至少 4 个不同的特质组成，这些特质有独特的途径导致适应不良的行为。这些特质是积极和消极的冲动、感觉寻求、预谋和毅力。因此，任何诊断系统或适应不良特质模型都必须捕捉到这些冲动特质之间的细微差别。本研究探讨了《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM-5；美国精神病学协会，2013）中冲动特质的概念化。替代人格障碍模型和替代特质模型，以确定它们如何捕捉这些变体。这项研究从 450 名居住在社区的成年人中获得了问卷调查评分和行为任务数据，这些成年人是因涉及法律和/或心理健康系统而被抽样的。结果表明，尽管 DSM-5 特质模型很好地捕捉了冲动性的广泛概念化，但一些较低阶的方面缺乏特异性。（PsycINFO 数据库记录）
