Li Na, Long Bo, Han Wei, Yuan Shumin, Wang Kun
State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017 May 11;8(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s13287-017-0551-0.
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells and have multi-lineage differentiation potential. Generally, stem cells are classified into adult stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Stem cells have great potential in clinical therapy due to their pluripotency and self-renewal ability. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs which are evolutionarily conserved and participate in the pathogenesis of many diseases, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, aging, cell fate decisions, and different signaling pathways. Different kinds of stem cells possess distinct miRNA expression profiles. Our review summarizes the critical roles of miRNAs in stem cell reprogramming, pluripotency maintenance, and differentiation. In the future, miRNAs may greatly contribute to stem cell clinical therapy and have potential applications in regenerative medicine.
干细胞是未分化细胞，具有多谱系分化潜能。一般来说，干细胞分为成体干细胞、胚胎干细胞（ESCs）和诱导多能干细胞（iPSCs）。由于其多能性和自我更新能力，干细胞在临床治疗中具有巨大潜力。微小RNA（miRNAs）是小型非编码RNA，在进化上保守，参与许多疾病的发病机制、细胞周期调控、细胞凋亡、衰老、细胞命运决定以及不同的信号通路。不同种类的干细胞具有独特的miRNA表达谱。我们的综述总结了miRNAs在干细胞重编程、多能性维持和分化中的关键作用。未来，miRNAs可能对干细胞临床治疗有很大贡献，并在再生医学中有潜在应用。
