Sundberg Johan
Department of Speech Music Hearing, School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH, Stockholm, Sweden; University College of Music Education, Stockholm, Sweden.
J Voice. 2018 Jan;32(1):23-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.024. Epub 2017 May 8.
This article combines results from three earlier investigations of the glottal voice source during phonation at varying degrees of vocal loudness (1) in five classically trained baritone singers (Sundberg et al., 1999), (2) in 15 female and 14 male untrained voices (Sundberg et al., 2005), and (3) in voices rated as hyperfunctional by an expert panel (Millgård et al., 2015). Voice source data were obtained by inverse filtering. Associated subglottal pressures were estimated from oral pressure during the occlusion for the consonant /p/. Five flow glottogram parameters, (1) maximum flow declination rate (MFDR), (2) peak-to-peak pulse amplitude, (3) level difference between the first and the second harmonics of the voice source, (4) closed quotient, and (5) normalized amplitude quotient, were averaged across the singer subjects and related to associated MFDR values. Strong, quantitative relations, expressed as equations, are found between subglottal pressure and MFDR and between MFDR and each of the other flow glottogram parameters. The values for the untrained voices, as well as those for the voices rated as hyperfunctional, deviate systematically from the values derived from the equations.
（1）对5名接受过传统训练的男中音歌手的研究（桑德伯格等人，1999年）；（2）对15名未经训练的女性和14名未经训练的男性嗓音的研究（桑德伯格等人，2005年）；以及（3）对专家小组评定为功能亢进的嗓音的研究（米尔加德等人，2015年）。声源数据通过逆滤波获得。通过辅音/p/闭塞期间的口腔压力估计相关的声门下压力。对5个气流声门图参数进行了平均，这些参数分别为：（1）最大气流下降率（MFDR）、（2）峰峰值脉冲幅度、（3）声源基频和二次谐波之间的电平差、（4）闭合商和（5）归一化幅度商，并将其与歌手受试者的相关MFDR值相关联。研究发现，声门下压力与MFDR之间以及MFDR与其他每个气流声门图参数之间存在以方程表示的强定量关系。未经训练的嗓音以及评定为功能亢进的嗓音的值与从这些方程得出的值存在系统性偏差。
