Sorlózano-Puerto Antonio, Gómez-Luque José María, Luna-Del-Castillo Juan de Dios, Navarro-Marí José María, Gutiérrez-Fernández José
Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Granada-ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain.
UGC de Pediatría, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada-ibs.Granada, Hospital General Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:4909452. doi: 10.1155/2017/4909452. Epub 2017 Apr 11.
The objective of this study was to identify the bacteria most frequently responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) in the population of under-2-year-olds in our geographic area and to evaluate the activity of antibiotics widely used for UTI treatment during a 4-year study period. A retrospective analysis was conducted of data on the identification and susceptibility of microorganisms isolated in urine samples from children under 2 years of age. A total of 1,045 uropathogens were isolated. accounted for the majority (60.3%) of these, followed by (22.4%) and spp. (6.5%). The highest susceptibility rates (>90%) were to piperacillin-tazobactam, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin, and the lowest were to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cotrimoxazole. Among all bacteria isolated, we highlight the overall high activity of piperacillin-tazobactam, imipenem, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin against both community and hospital isolates and the reduced activity of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporins, gentamicin, and cotrimoxazole. There was no significant change in the total activity of any of the studied antibiotics over the 4-year study period. Empiric treatment with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cotrimoxazole, cephalosporins, and gentamicin may be inadequate due to their limited activity against uropathogens in our setting.
本研究的目的是确定在我们地理区域内2岁以下人群中最常导致尿路感染（UTI）的细菌，并在4年的研究期内评估广泛用于UTI治疗的抗生素的活性。对2岁以下儿童尿液样本中分离出的微生物的鉴定和药敏数据进行了回顾性分析。共分离出1045株尿路病原体。其中大肠埃希菌占大多数（60.3%），其次是肺炎克雷伯菌（22.4%）和肠球菌属（6.5%）。对哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、亚胺培南、庆大霉素、呋喃妥因和磷霉素的药敏率最高（>90%），对阿莫西林-克拉维酸和复方新诺明的药敏率最低。在所有分离出的细菌中，我们强调哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、亚胺培南、呋喃妥因和磷霉素对社区和医院分离株的总体活性较高，而阿莫西林-克拉维酸、头孢菌素、庆大霉素和复方新诺明的活性较低。在4年的研究期内，任何一种研究抗生素的总活性均无显著变化。由于阿莫西林-克拉维酸、复方新诺明、头孢菌素和庆大霉素在我们的环境中对尿路病原体的活性有限，经验性治疗可能不足。
