Rodríguez Del Águila M M, Sorlózano-Puerto A, Fernández-Sierra M A, Navarro Marí J M, Gutiérrez Fernández J
Mª del Mar Rodríguez del Águila, Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avd. Fuerzas Armadas nº 2, 18014 Granada (Spain).
Rev Esp Quimioter. 2022 Aug;35(4):382-391. doi: 10.37201/req/016.2022. Epub 2022 Jun 6.
To determine the epidemiological characteristics of significative bacteriuria (SB) and their relationship with sociodemographic factors and to analyze risk factors in inpatients.
Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out on urine culture samples received between 2016-2020 in the Microbiology laboratory, differentiating between minors and adults. The dependent variable was the presence of SB and the independent variables were age, sex, year, type of sample and source of the sample. In urine cultures of inpatients, risk factors were evaluated from the Minimum Basic Data Set.
A total of 68,587 valid records (96.3% of the total) were analyzed. 40.8% (95% CI: 40.4%-41.2%) of urine cultures in adults and 33.8% (95% CI: 32.9%-34.7%) in children were positive, with an incidence that ranged in adults between 18.2 cases/1,000 inhabitants in 2016 and 14.6 cases/1,000 inhabitants in 2020 and 21.1 and 8.4 cases/1,000 inhabitants respectively in minors. Positive urine cultures were more frequent in children from urban areas compared to rural areas (OR=1.37; p<0.01). In hospitalized adults, for each year of age the risk of SB increased by 2%, it was 36% higher in women, 18% higher in obese patients and 17% more frequent in patients with kidney disease, (p<0.01). No relationship was observed between SB and diagnosis of COVID-19.
The sociodemographic characteristics of the population with SB in our health area are similar to those found in other geographical areas worldwide, observing a decreasing trend in incidence in the years studied. The frequency of SB in children is higher in urban areas.
确定有意义菌尿（SB）的流行病学特征及其与社会人口学因素的关系，并分析住院患者的危险因素。
对2016年至2020年微生物实验室收到的尿培养样本进行横断面描述性研究，区分未成年人和成年人。因变量是SB的存在情况，自变量是年龄、性别、年份、样本类型和样本来源。在住院患者的尿培养中，从最低基本数据集评估危险因素。
共分析了68587条有效记录（占总数的96.3%）。成人尿培养阳性率为40.8%（95%CI：40.4%-41.2%），儿童为33.8%（95%CI：32.9%-34.7%），成人发病率在2016年为每1000居民18.2例，2020年为每1000居民14.6例，未成年人分别为每1000居民21.1例和8.4例。与农村地区相比，城市地区儿童尿培养阳性更为常见（OR=1.37；p<0.01）。在住院成人中，年龄每增加一岁，SB风险增加2%，女性高36%，肥胖患者高18%，肾病患者高17%（p<0.01）。未观察到SB与COVID-19诊断之间的关系。
我们健康区域SB人群的社会人口学特征与世界其他地理区域相似，在所研究年份发病率呈下降趋势。城市地区儿童SB的发生率更高。
