Toriihara Akira, Nakajima Reiko, Arai Ayako, Nakadate Masashi, Abe Koichiro, Kubota Kazunori, Tateishi Ukihide
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Ann Nucl Med. 2017 Jul;31(6):425-436. doi: 10.1007/s12149-017-1180-5. Epub 2017 May 11.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common viruses, infecting more than 90% of the adult population worldwide. EBV genome is detected in some lymphoid neoplasms. Not only their histopathological subtypes, but also their backgrounds and their clinical courses are variable. A number of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders associated with the immunocompromised state are related to EBV infection. The incidences of these disorders have been increasing along with generalization of organ transplantations and use of immunosuppressive treatments. Furthermore, some EBV-positive lymphoma can also occur in immunocompetent patients. While evaluating patients with generalized lymphadenopathy of unknown cause by positron emission tomography/computed tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG-PET/CT), the possibility of lymphoid neoplasms should be considered in some patients, and a careful review of the background and previous history of the patients is necessary. In this review article, we describe the pathogenesis of EBV-related lymphoid neoplasms and then present FDG-PET/CT images of representative diseases. In addition, we also present a review of other EBV-related diseases, such as infectious mononucleosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是最常见的病毒之一，全球超过90%的成年人都曾感染过。在一些淋巴肿瘤中可检测到EBV基因组。这些肿瘤不仅组织病理学亚型不同，其背景和临床病程也存在差异。许多与免疫功能低下状态相关的B细胞淋巴增殖性疾病都与EBV感染有关。随着器官移植的普及和免疫抑制治疗的应用，这些疾病的发病率一直在上升。此外，一些EBV阳性淋巴瘤也可发生在免疫功能正常的患者中。在通过2-脱氧-2-[F]氟-D-葡萄糖正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（FDG-PET/CT）评估病因不明的全身淋巴结肿大患者时，部分患者应考虑淋巴肿瘤的可能性，并且有必要仔细回顾患者的背景和既往病史。在这篇综述文章中，我们描述了EBV相关淋巴肿瘤的发病机制，然后展示了代表性疾病的FDG-PET/CT图像。此外，我们还对其他EBV相关疾病，如传染性单核细胞增多症和鼻咽癌进行了综述。
