Gelardi M, Guarino R, Taliente S, Quaranta N, Carpentieri A, Passalacqua G
Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sensory Organs, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Allergy and Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS San Martino-Ist-University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. Phone: +39 010 353 8904 E-mail:
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 May;49(3):106-109.
Chromium, Cobalt and Nickel are responsible for contact dermatitis, that is largely prevalent in the general population. They can act also as irritants in the upper and lower respiratory airways. Also rhinitis (allergic and nonallergic) is a high prevalence disorder. Both diseases could share some common inflammatory mechanisms, but the clinical association between skin sensitization to metals and rhinitis was never studied. We assessed the presence of skin sensitization to metals in subjects with rhinitis. Patients suffering from rhinitis underwent a standard diagnostic procedure, including skin testing, nasal endoscopy and nasal cytology. Control healthy subjects were also included. None of the patients had skin diseases. All subjects underwent patch test with Chromium, Cobalt and Nickel. None of the 26 controls had positive skin prick test or nasal cytology. The 82 rhinitis patients were subdivided into allergic (group A = 27), nonallergic (group B = 31) and overlapping (group C = 24). The prevalence of positive patch test to metals was 26% in group A, 45% in group B, 42% in group C and 31% in controls. The percentage of patch-positive subjects was significantly different between Group A and B (p = 0.0045; OR: 0.43), Group A and C (p = 0.0186; OR: 0.49), and Group B and controls (p = 0.0360; OR: 1.85). There was a significant difference between groups A + controls and B + C. Even in the absence of skin diseases, the prevalence of sensitization to metals (patch test) is greater in nonallergic and overlapping rhinitis, as compared to allergic rhinitis and controls.
铬、钴和镍可引发接触性皮炎，这在普通人群中颇为常见。它们还可对上、下呼吸道起到刺激物的作用。鼻炎（变应性和非变应性）也是一种高发性疾病。这两种疾病可能存在一些共同的炎症机制，但金属皮肤致敏与鼻炎之间的临床关联从未得到研究。我们评估了鼻炎患者中金属皮肤致敏的情况。患有鼻炎的患者接受了包括皮肤试验、鼻内镜检查和鼻细胞学检查在内的标准诊断程序。还纳入了健康对照受试者。所有患者均无皮肤疾病。所有受试者均接受了铬、钴和镍的斑贴试验。26名对照者中无人皮肤点刺试验或鼻细胞学检查呈阳性。82例鼻炎患者被分为变应性组（A组 = 27例）、非变应性组（B组 = 31例）和重叠组（C组 = 24例）。A组金属斑贴试验阳性率为26%，B组为45%，C组为42%，对照组为31%。斑贴试验阳性受试者的百分比在A组和B组之间（p = 0.0045；比值比：0.43）、A组和C组之间（p = 0.0186；比值比：0.49）以及B组和对照组之间（p = 0.0360；比值比：1.85）存在显著差异。A组 + 对照组与B组 + C组之间存在显著差异。即使在无皮肤疾病的情况下，与变应性鼻炎和对照组相比，非变应性和重叠性鼻炎中金属致敏（斑贴试验）的发生率更高。
