Calatayud Joaquin, Vinstrup Jonas, Jakobsen Markus D, Sundstrup Emil, Colado Juan Carlos, Andersen Lars L
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Research Unit in Sport and Health, Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, C/Gascó Oliag 3, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Jul;117(7):1445-1452. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3637-6. Epub 2017 May 12.
To investigate the effect of different attentional focus conditions on muscle activity during the push-up exercise and to assess the possible influence of muscle strength and training experience.
Eighteen resistance-trained men performed 1RM bench press testing and were familiarized with the procedure during the first session. In the second session, three different conditions were randomly performed: regular push-up and push-up focusing on using the pectoralis major and triceps brachii muscles, respectively. Surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded and analyzed (EMG normalized to max; nEMG) for the triceps brachii and pectoralis major muscles.
Participants had on average 8 (SD 6) years of training experience and 1RM of 1.25 (SD 0.28) kg per kg bodyweight. Focusing on using pectoralis major increased activity in this muscle by 9% nEMG (95% CI 5-13; Cohen's d 0.60) compared with the regular condition. Triceps activity was not significantly influenced by triceps focus although borderline significant, with a mean difference of 5% nEMG (95% CI 0-10; Cohen's d 0.30). However, years of training experience was positively associated with the ability to selectively activate the triceps (β = 0.41, P = 0.04), but not the pectoralis. Bench press 1RM was not significantly associated with the ability to selectively activate the muscles.
Pectoralis activity can be increased when focusing on using this muscle during push-ups, whereas the ability to do this for the triceps is dependent on years of training experience. Maximal muscle strength does not appear to be a decisive factor for the ability to selectively activate these muscles.
研究不同注意力焦点条件对俯卧撑运动中肌肉活动的影响，并评估肌肉力量和训练经验的可能影响。
18名进行过抗阻训练的男性进行了1RM卧推测试，并在第一阶段熟悉了测试程序。在第二阶段，随机进行三种不同的条件：常规俯卧撑以及分别专注于使用胸大肌和肱三头肌的俯卧撑。记录并分析肱三头肌和胸大肌的表面肌电图（EMG）（EMG归一化至最大值；nEMG）。
参与者平均有8（标准差6）年的训练经验，1RM为每千克体重1.25（标准差0.28）千克。与常规条件相比，专注于使用胸大肌使该肌肉的活动增加了9% nEMG（95%可信区间5-13；科恩d值0.60）。尽管接近显著水平，但肱三头肌焦点对肱三头肌活动没有显著影响，平均差异为5% nEMG（95%可信区间0-10；科恩d值0.30）。然而，训练年限与选择性激活肱三头肌的能力呈正相关（β = 为0.41，P = 0.04），但与胸大肌无关。卧推1RM与选择性激活肌肉的能力没有显著关联。
在做俯卧撑时专注于使用胸大肌可增加其活动，而对肱三头肌而言，这样做的能力取决于训练年限。最大肌肉力量似乎不是选择性激活这些肌肉能力的决定性因素。
