Rong Carola, Lee Yena, Carmona Nicole E, Cha Danielle S, Ragguett Renee-Marie, Rosenblat Joshua D, Mansur Rodrigo B, Ho Roger C, McIntyre Roger S
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; American University of Integrative Sciences School of Medicine, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands.
Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Pharmacol Res. 2017 Jul;121:213-218. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.05.005. Epub 2017 May 10.
The high and increasing prevalence of medical marijuana consumption in the general population invites the need for quality evidence regarding its safety and efficacy. Herein, we synthesize extant literature pertaining to the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) and its brain effects. The principle phytocannabinoid Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) and CBD are the major pharmacologically active cannabinoids. The effect of CBD on brain systems as well as on phenomenological measures (e.g. cognitive function) are distinct and in many cases opposite to that of Δ-THC. Cannabidiol is without euphoriant properties, and exerts antipsychotic, anxiolytic, anti-seizure, as well as anti-inflammatory properties. It is essential to parcellate phytocannabinoids into their constituent moieties as the most abundant cannabinoid have differential effects on physiologic systems in psychopathology measures. Disparate findings and reports related to effects of cannabis consumption reflect differential relative concentration of Δ-THC and CBD. Existing literature, notwithstanding its deficiencies, provides empirical support for the hypothesis that CBD may exert beneficial effects on brain effector systems/substrates subserving domain-based phenomenology. Interventional studies with purified CBD are warranted with a call to target-engagement proof-of-principle studies using the research domain criteria (RDoC) framework.
普通人群中医用大麻消费的高流行率及其不断上升，使得有必要获取关于其安全性和有效性的高质量证据。在此，我们综合了有关植物大麻素大麻二酚（CBD）及其对大脑影响的现有文献。主要植物大麻素Δ-四氢大麻酚（Δ-THC）和CBD是主要的具有药理活性的大麻素。CBD对大脑系统以及现象学指标（如认知功能）的影响是不同的，在许多情况下与Δ-THC相反。大麻二酚没有致欣快特性，具有抗精神病、抗焦虑、抗癫痫以及抗炎特性。将植物大麻素分解为其组成部分至关重要，因为最丰富的大麻素对精神病理学指标中的生理系统有不同影响。与大麻消费影响相关的不同研究结果和报告反映了Δ-THC和CBD的相对浓度差异。现有文献尽管存在不足，但为CBD可能对支持基于领域现象学的大脑效应系统/底物产生有益影响这一假设提供了实证支持。有必要开展使用纯化CBD的干预性研究，并呼吁采用研究领域标准（RDoC）框架进行靶点参与的原理验证研究。
