Kwansomboon N, Chaumeau V, Kittiphanakun P, Cerqueira D, Corbel V, Chareonviriyaphap T
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Centre hospitalier universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
J Vector Ecol. 2017 Jun;42(1):84-93. doi: 10.1111/jvec.12242.
Baseline entomological surveys were conducted in four sentinel sites along the Thailand-Myanmar border to address vector bionomics and malaria transmission in the context of a study on malaria elimination. Adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using human-landing catch and cow-bait collection in four villages during the rainy season from May-June, 2013. Mosquitoes were identified to species level by morphological characters and by AS-PCR. Sporozoite indexes were determined on head/thoraces of primary and secondary malaria vectors using real-time PCR. A total of 4,301 anopheles belonging to 12 anopheline taxa were identified. Anopheles minimus represented >98% of the Minimus Complex members (n=1,683), whereas the An. maculatus group was composed of two dominant species, An. sawadwongporni and An. maculatus. Overall, 25 Plasmodium-positive mosquitoes (of 2,323) were found, representing a sporozoite index of 1.1% [95%CI 0.66-1.50]. The transmission intensity as measured by the EIR strongly varied according to the village (ANOVA, F=17.67, df=3, P<0.0001). Our findings highlight the diversity and complexity of the biting pattern of malaria vectors along the Thailand-Myanmar border that represent a formidable challenge for malaria control and elimination.
在泰国-缅甸边境的四个哨点开展了基线昆虫学调查，以在一项疟疾消除研究的背景下了解病媒生物学特性和疟疾传播情况。2013年5月至6月雨季期间，在四个村庄采用人饵诱捕法和牛饵诱捕法收集成年按蚊。通过形态特征和AS-PCR将蚊子鉴定到物种水平。使用实时PCR对主要和次要疟疾传播媒介的头/胸进行子孢子指数测定。共鉴定出4301只按蚊，分属于12个按蚊分类单元。微小按蚊占微小按蚊复合体成员的98%以上（n=1683），而多斑按蚊组由两个优势种组成，即萨氏按蚊和多斑按蚊。总体而言，在2323只蚊子中发现了25只疟原虫阳性蚊子，子孢子指数为1.1%[95%置信区间0.66-1.50]。按昆虫叮咬率（EIR）衡量的传播强度在不同村庄差异很大（方差分析，F=17.67，自由度=3，P<0.0001）。我们的研究结果突出了泰国-缅甸边境疟疾传播媒介叮咬模式的多样性和复杂性，这对疟疾控制和消除构成了巨大挑战。
