Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2018 Mar;27(3):359-368. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2016.6279. Epub 2017 May 15.
We address questions about (1) how college women with a disability experience sexual violence (SV) and intimate partner violence (IPV) across partners, including disability-specific abuse and (2) how SV/IPV impacts psychological, behavioral, physical, and academic life domains.
METHODS/DESIGN: Twenty-seven female college students (mean age, 21.2; 66.6% white; 66.6% heterosexual) were randomly sampled from university registrar records. To be eligible for the study, students had to have at least one experience of SV/IPV since age 18 and a disability (88.8% reported one or more mental health conditions; 11.1% reported other conditions, such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder; with the majority of women indicating their disability preceded SV/IPV victimization). Using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's definitions of SV/IPV as guides, clinically trained master's level interviewers conducted semistructured interviews to ascertain SV/IPV patterns across students' three most recent relationships and related life impacts.
SV/IPV was pervasive in college women with a disability, within hookup settings and/or recurring SV/IPV with a long-term partner. For some women, SV spanned multiple abusive partners. For women in relationships marked by chronic abuse, in addition to SV, the relationship dynamic included disability-specific abuse, social isolation, threats/intimidation, and technology-related abuse. For women experiencing SV events within hookup settings, alcohol was a common facilitator, with some abusers using a disability to manipulate a sexual connection. All but one participant reported exacerbated adverse mental health consequences (e.g., depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation/attempts, stress) after victimization. These adverse mental health consequences coincided with adverse behavioral (e.g., becoming less social, avoiding usual study lounge areas on campus), physical (e.g., problems sleeping, bruising, pregnancy concerns, and sexually transmitted disease), and academic outcomes (e.g., skipping and/or dropping class, grades suffering).
Our results underscore the need for continued investment in campus programs that improve response to SV/IPV, including prevention programs and support services tailored to the specific needs and vulnerabilities of women with underlying mental health conditions.
我们探讨了以下两个问题：（1）残疾女大学生如何经历跨伴侣的性暴力（SV）和亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），包括特定于残疾的虐待行为；（2）SV/IPV 如何影响心理、行为、身体和学业生活领域。
方法/设计：从大学注册记录中随机抽取了 27 名女性大学生（平均年龄 21.2 岁；66.6%为白人；66.6%为异性恋）。为符合研究条件，学生必须在 18 岁后至少经历过一次 SV/IPV 和残疾（88.8%报告有一个或多个心理健康状况；11.1%报告有其他状况，如注意力缺陷多动障碍；大多数女性表示她们的残疾先于 SV/IPV 受害）。研究使用疾病控制和预防中心的 SV/IPV 定义作为指导，由临床训练有素的硕士水平访谈者进行半结构化访谈，以确定 SV/IPV 模式在学生最近的三个关系中，并确定相关的生活影响。
残疾女大学生中 SV/IPV 普遍存在，包括 hookup 环境和/或与长期伴侣的反复 SV/IPV。对一些女性来说，SV 跨越了多个虐待伴侣。对于关系中存在慢性虐待的女性，除了 SV 之外，关系动态还包括特定于残疾的虐待、社会隔离、威胁/恐吓和与技术相关的虐待。对于在 hookup 环境中经历 SV 事件的女性，酒精是常见的促进因素，一些施虐者利用残疾来操纵性接触。除了一名参与者外，所有参与者都报告在受害后出现更严重的不良心理健康后果（例如，抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、自杀意念/尝试、压力）。这些不良心理健康后果与不良行为（例如，社交活动减少、避免在校园常用学习休息室）、身体（例如，睡眠问题、瘀伤、怀孕问题和性传播疾病）和学业结果（例如，缺课和/或辍学、成绩下降）同时发生。
我们的结果强调需要继续投资于校园项目，以改善对 SV/IPV 的反应，包括针对有潜在心理健康状况的女性的特定需求和脆弱性的预防计划和支持服务。
