Boston College, William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States.
Appl Nurs Res. 2018 Feb;39:217-219. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2017.11.031. Epub 2017 Nov 22.
Female college students experience higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) compared to men of all ages, older women and young women who are not attending college. Experts and medical organizations have issued recommendations that health care providers should routinely screen women for IPV and SV. However, most female college students report they are not being screened for IPV and SV at college health centers.
This exploratory study sought to examine the IPV and SV screening practices of college health care providers and identify individual and organizational influences using a cross-sectional, quantitative survey design.
Sixty-four health care providers (physicians, nurse practitioners and registered nurses) from five colleges and universities in the northeastern U.S. were invited to participate in an anonymous, web-based survey about their IPV/SV-related screening practices and beliefs, and organizational characteristics of their college health centers.
Twenty-six health care providers completed surveys (56% response rate). The median reported IPV/SV screening rate was 15%. More IPV/SV screening was reported by nurse practitioners, providers at state colleges, and by those in health centers that prioritized IPV/SV screening and had greater organizational capacity for change.
College health centers represent unique, yet often missed, opportunities to screen for IPV/SV in a high-risk population. Provider- and organization-level influences should be incorporated into future interventions to improve IPV/SV screening in college health centers. Future studies with larger numbers of colleges and providers are needed to better understand organizational influences and identify mediators and moderators of effects.
与所有年龄段的男性、年龄较大的女性以及没有上大学的年轻女性相比，女大学生经历亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和性暴力（SV）的比率更高。专家和医疗组织已经提出建议，建议医疗保健提供者应常规对妇女进行 IPV 和 SV 筛查。然而，大多数女大学生报告说，他们在大学校园健康中心没有接受 IPV 和 SV 筛查。
这项探索性研究旨在使用横断面定量调查设计，检查大学保健提供者的 IPV 和 SV 筛查实践，并确定个人和组织的影响因素。
邀请来自美国东北部五所学院和大学的 64 名医疗保健提供者（医生、护士从业者和注册护士）参与一项关于他们与 IPV/SV 相关的筛查实践和信念以及他们所在大学校园健康中心的组织特征的匿名网络调查。
26 名医疗保健提供者完成了调查（56%的回应率）。报告的 IPV/SV 筛查率中位数为 15%。护士从业者、州立学院的提供者以及优先考虑 IPV/SV 筛查且具有更大组织变革能力的提供者报告了更多的 IPV/SV 筛查。
大学校园健康中心代表着在高风险人群中筛查 IPV/SV 的独特但经常被忽视的机会。应将提供者和组织层面的影响因素纳入未来的干预措施中，以改善大学校园健康中心的 IPV/SV 筛查。需要对更多的学院和提供者进行更大规模的研究，以更好地了解组织影响，并确定中介和调节因素的影响。
