Kamińska D, Gajecka M
1 Department of Genetics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 4, 60-781 Poznan, Poland.
2 Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 32, 60-479 Poznan, Poland.
Benef Microbes. 2017 May 30;8(3):327-343. doi: 10.3920/BM2015.0174. Epub 2017 May 15.
An issue that is currently undergoing extensive study is the influence of human vaginal microbiota (VMB) on the health status of women and their neonates. Healthy women are mainly colonised with lactobacilli such as Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus iners; however, other bacteria may be elements of the VMB, particularly in women with bacterial vaginosis. The implementation of culture-independent molecular methods in VMB characterisation, especially next-generation sequencing, have provided new information regarding bacterial diversity in the vagina, revealing a large number of novel, fastidious, and/or uncultivated bacterial species. These molecular studies have contributed new insights regarding the role of bacterial community composition. In this study, we discuss recent findings regarding the reproductive tract microbiome. Not only bacteria but also viruses and fungi constitute important components of the reproductive tract microbiome. We focus on aspects related to the impact of the maternal microbiome on foetal development, as well as the establishment of the neonatal microbiomes, including the placenta microbiome, and the haematogenous source of intrauterine infection. We also discuss whether the role of the vaginal microbiome is currently understood and appreciated.
目前正在进行广泛研究的一个问题是人类阴道微生物群（VMB）对女性及其新生儿健康状况的影响。健康女性主要由卷曲乳杆菌、詹氏乳杆菌和惰性乳杆菌等乳杆菌定殖；然而，其他细菌可能是VMB的组成部分，尤其是在患有细菌性阴道病的女性中。在VMB特征描述中采用不依赖培养的分子方法，特别是下一代测序，提供了关于阴道细菌多样性的新信息，揭示了大量新的、苛求的和/或未培养的细菌物种。这些分子研究对细菌群落组成的作用有了新的见解。在本研究中，我们讨论了关于生殖道微生物组的最新发现。不仅细菌，病毒和真菌也是生殖道微生物组的重要组成部分。我们关注与母体微生物组对胎儿发育的影响以及新生儿微生物组的建立相关的方面，包括胎盘微生物组和宫内感染的血源性来源。我们还讨论了目前是否理解和认识到阴道微生物组的作用。
