Barba Marta, Martínez-Boví Rebeca, Quereda Juan José, Mocé María Lorena, Plaza-Dávila María, Jiménez-Trigos Estrella, Gómez-Martín Ángel, González-Torres Pedro, Carbonetto Belén, García-Roselló Empar
Research Group-Microbiological Agents Associated with Animal Reproduction (ProVaginBio), Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASAPTA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Spain.
Microomics Systems S.L, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Nov 3;10(11):2020. doi: 10.3390/ani10112020.
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) dominate human vaginal microbiota and inhibit pathogen proliferation. In other mammals, LAB do not dominate vaginal microbiota, however shifts of dominant microorganisms occur during ovarian cycle. The study objectives were to characterize equine vaginal microbiota in mares by culture-dependent and independent methods and to describe its variation in estrus and diestrus. Vaginal swabs from 8 healthy adult Arabian mares were obtained in estrus and diestrus. For culture-dependent processing, bacteria were isolated on Columbia blood agar (BA) and Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) agar. LAB comprised only 2% of total bacterial isolates and were not related to ovarian phases. For culture-independent processing, V3/V4 variable regions of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene were amplified and sequenced using Illumina Miseq. The diversity and composition of the vaginal microbiota did not change during the estrous cycle. Core equine vaginal microbiome consisted of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria at the phylum level. At the genus level it was defined by , uncultured and . comprised only 0.18% of the taxonomic composition in estrus and 0.37% in diestrus. No differences in the relative abundance of the most abundant phylum or genera were observed between estrus and diestrus samples.
乳酸菌（LAB）在人类阴道微生物群中占主导地位，并抑制病原体增殖。在其他哺乳动物中，乳酸菌并不主导阴道微生物群，然而在卵巢周期中优势微生物会发生变化。本研究的目的是通过培养依赖和独立的方法对母马的阴道微生物群进行特征分析，并描述其在发情期和间情期的变化。从8匹健康成年阿拉伯母马的阴道中采集发情期和间情期的拭子。对于培养依赖处理，细菌在哥伦比亚血琼脂（BA）和曼-罗戈萨-夏普（MRS）琼脂上分离。乳酸菌仅占总细菌分离株的2%，且与卵巢阶段无关。对于培养独立处理，使用Illumina Miseq对16S核糖体RNA基因的V3/V4可变区进行扩增和测序。发情周期中阴道微生物群的多样性和组成没有变化。马阴道核心微生物群在门水平上由厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门组成。在属水平上，它由 、未培养的 和 定义。 在发情期的分类组成中仅占0.18%，在间情期占0.37%。发情期和间情期样本之间，最丰富的门或属的相对丰度没有差异。
