Exercise Science Program, Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2018 Jul 2;8(7):a029728. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a029728.
Performance fatigability is characterized as an acute decline in motor performance caused by an exercise-induced reduction in force or power of the involved muscles. Multiple mechanisms contribute to performance fatigability and originate from neural and muscular processes, with the task demands dictating the mechanisms. This review highlights that (1) inadequate activation of the motoneuron pool can contribute to performance fatigability, and (2) the demands of the task and the physiological characteristics of the population assessed, dictate fatigability and the involved mechanisms. Examples of task and population differences in fatigability highlighted in this review include contraction intensity and velocity, stability and support provided to the fatiguing limb, sex differences, and aging. A future challenge is to define specific mechanisms of fatigability and to translate these findings to real-world performance and exercise training in healthy and clinical populations across the life span.
运动性疲劳的特征是由于肌肉力量或功率的运动诱导减少而导致的运动表现急性下降。多种机制导致运动性疲劳，源自神经和肌肉过程，任务需求决定机制。这篇综述强调：（1）运动神经元池的激活不足可能导致运动性疲劳；（2）任务的要求和所评估人群的生理特点决定了疲劳性和涉及的机制。在这篇综述中强调的疲劳性在任务和人群中的差异的例子包括收缩强度和速度、疲劳肢体提供的稳定性和支撑、性别差异和衰老。未来的挑战是定义疲劳的特定机制，并将这些发现转化为健康和临床人群在整个生命周期内的实际运动表现和运动训练。
