老年长期护理机构中预防诺如病毒肠胃炎的个人防护装备准备状况的差异。

Variations in status of preparation of personal protective equipment for preventing norovirus gastroenteritis in long-term care facilities for the elderly.

作者信息

Fujiki Saori, Ishizaki Tatsuro, Nakayama Takeo

机构信息

Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan.

Department of Human Care Research Team, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

J Eval Clin Pract. 2017 Dec;23(6):1203-1210. doi: 10.1111/jep.12761. Epub 2017 May 16.

DOI:10.1111/jep.12761

PMID:28508408

Abstract

RATIONALE, AIM, AND OBJECTIVES: Residents of long-term care facilities are highly susceptible to norovirus gastroenteritis, and each facility is concerned about the need to implement norovirus infection control. Among control measures, personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and masks, plays a major role in reducing infectious spread. However, the preparation status of PPE in facilities before infection outbreaks has not been reported. The aim was to clarify the implementation status of preventive measures for norovirus gastroenteritis and the cost of preparing the necessary PPE in long-term care facilities.

METHOD

A questionnaire survey of facilities affiliated with the Kyoto Prefecture and Osaka Prefecture branches of the Japan Association of Geriatric Health Services Facilities was conducted. The survey items were the characteristics of the facility, whether preventive measures had been implemented for norovirus gastroenteritis from October through the following March in both 2009 and 2010, and the quantities and unit prices of PPE prepared for preventive measures.

RESULTS

Twenty-six (11.2%) of 232 surveyed facilities (as of August 2011) answered the survey. Among them, 24 (92.3%) in 2009 and 25 (96.2%) in 2010 reported having implemented preventive measures for norovirus gastroenteritis, while 21 facilities (80.8%) in 2009 and 22 facilities (84.6%) in 2010 had prepared PPE. The median total cost for preparing the PPE needed for the preventive measures was US $2601 (range US $221-9192) in 2009 and US $3904 (range US $305-6427) in 2010.

CONCLUSION

Although the results need careful interpretation because of the low response rate, most of the surveyed long-term care facilities had implemented preventive measures for norovirus gastroenteritis. However, the cost of preparing the PPE needed for the preventive measures varied among the facilities.

摘要

原理、目的和目标：长期护理机构的居民极易感染诺如病毒肠胃炎，每个机构都关注实施诺如病毒感染控制的必要性。在控制措施中，一次性手套和口罩等个人防护装备（PPE）在减少感染传播方面发挥着重要作用。然而，感染爆发前机构内PPE的储备情况尚无报道。目的是明确长期护理机构中诺如病毒肠胃炎预防措施的实施情况以及准备必要PPE的成本。

方法

对日本老年保健服务设施协会京都府和大阪府分会所属机构进行问卷调查。调查项目包括机构的特征、2009年和2010年10月至次年3月是否对诺如病毒肠胃炎实施了预防措施，以及为预防措施准备的PPE的数量和单价。

结果

232个被调查机构（截至2011年8月）中有26个（11.2%）回复了调查。其中，2009年有24个（92.3%）、2010年有25个（96.2%）报告对诺如病毒肠胃炎实施了预防措施，2009年有21个机构（80.8%）、2010年有22个机构（84.6%）准备了PPE。2009年预防措施所需PPE的准备总成本中位数为2601美元（范围为221 - 9192美元），2010年为3904美元（范围为305 - 6427美元）。