Wootton Robyn E, Davis Oliver S P, Mottershaw Abigail L, Wang R Adele H, Haworth Claire M A
School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Sep;26(9):1119-1127. doi: 10.1007/s00787-017-0997-8. Epub 2017 May 16.
Some life events appear heritable due to the genetic influence on related behaviours. Shared genetic influence between negative behaviours and negative life events has previously been established. This study investigated whether subjective wellbeing and positive life events were genetically associated. Participants in the Twins Early Development Study (aged 16.32 ± .68 years) completed subjective wellbeing and life events assessments via two separate studies (overlapping N for wellbeing and life events measures ranged from 3527 to 9350). We conducted bivariate twin models between both positive and negative life events with subjective wellbeing and related positive psychological traits including subjective happiness, life satisfaction, optimism, hopefulness and gratitude measured at 16 years. Results suggested that the heritability of life events can partially be explained by shared genetic influences with the wellbeing indicators. Wellbeing traits were positively genetically correlated with positive life events and negatively correlated with negative life events (except curiosity where there was no correlation). Those positive traits that drive behaviour (grit and ambition) showed the highest genetic correlation with life events, whereas the reflective trait gratitude was less correlated. This suggests that gene-environment correlations might explain the observed genetic association between life events and wellbeing. Inheriting propensity for positive traits might cause you to seek environments that lead to positive life events and avoid environments which make negative life events more likely.
由于基因对相关行为的影响,一些生活事件似乎具有遗传性。消极行为和消极生活事件之间共享的基因影响此前已得到证实。本研究调查了主观幸福感与积极生活事件是否存在基因关联。双胞胎早期发展研究的参与者(年龄为16.32±0.68岁)通过两项独立研究完成了主观幸福感和生活事件评估(幸福感和生活事件测量的重叠样本量从3527到9350不等)。我们对积极和消极生活事件与主观幸福感以及相关积极心理特质(包括16岁时测量的主观幸福感、生活满意度、乐观主义、希望和感恩)进行了双变量双胞胎模型分析。结果表明,生活事件的遗传性部分可由与幸福感指标共享的基因影响来解释。幸福感特质与积极生活事件呈正基因相关,与消极生活事件呈负基因相关(好奇心除外,其无相关性)。那些驱动行为的积极特质(毅力和抱负)与生活事件的基因相关性最高,而反思性特质感恩的相关性较低。这表明基因-环境相关性可能解释了生活事件与幸福感之间观察到的基因关联。遗传积极特质的倾向可能会使你寻求导致积极生活事件的环境,并避免那些使消极生活事件更有可能发生的环境。