Lin Yu-Te, Hu Hsueh-Wen, Whitman William B, Coleman David C, Chiu Chih-Yu
Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, 30602-2605, GA, USA.
Bot Stud. 2014 Dec;55(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s40529-014-0050-x. Epub 2014 Jun 7.
The bacterial community of forest soils is influenced by environmental disturbance and/or meteorological temperature and precipitation. In this study, we investigated three bacterial communities in soils of a natural hardwood forest and two plantations of conifer, Calocedrus formosana and Cryptomeria japonica, in a perhumid, low mountain area. By comparison with our previous studies with similar temperature and/or precipitation, we aimed to elucidate how disturbance influences the bacterial community in forest soils and whether bacterial communities in similar forest types differ under different climate conditions.
Analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene clone libraries revealed that Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla in the three forest soil communities, with similar relative abundance of various bacterial groups. However, UniFrac analysis based on phylogenetic information revealed differences of bacterial communities between natural hardwood forest and coniferous plantation soils. The diversities of bacterial communities of the replanted Calocedrus and Cryptomeria forests were higher than that in natural hardwood forest. The bacterial diversity of these three forest soil were all higher than those in the same forest types at other locations with less precipitation or with lower temperature. In addition, the distribution of some of the most abundant operational taxonomic units in the three communities differed from other forest soils, including those related to Acidobacteria, α-, β- and γ-Proteobacteria.
Reforestation could increase the bacterial diversity. Therefore, soil bacterial communities could be shaped by the forestry management practices and climate differences in warm and humid conditions.
森林土壤中的细菌群落受环境干扰和/或气象温度及降水的影响。在本研究中，我们调查了一个天然阔叶林以及两种针叶树（台湾肖楠和日本柳杉）人工林土壤中的三个细菌群落，研究地点位于一个湿润的低山地区。通过与我们之前在类似温度和/或降水条件下的研究进行比较，我们旨在阐明干扰如何影响森林土壤中的细菌群落，以及在不同气候条件下，相似森林类型中的细菌群落是否存在差异。
对16S核糖体RNA基因克隆文库的分析表明，酸杆菌门和变形菌门是这三个森林土壤群落中最丰富的菌门，各细菌类群的相对丰度相似。然而，基于系统发育信息的非加权组平均法（UniFrac）分析揭示了天然阔叶林土壤和针叶人工林土壤中细菌群落的差异。台湾肖楠和日本柳杉人工林土壤中细菌群落的多样性高于天然阔叶林。这三种森林土壤的细菌多样性均高于其他降水较少或温度较低地区相同森林类型的土壤。此外，这三个群落中一些最丰富的可操作分类单元的分布与其他森林土壤不同，包括与酸杆菌门、α-、β-和γ-变形菌门相关的分类单元。
重新造林可增加细菌多样性。因此，在温暖湿润条件下，土壤细菌群落可能受林业管理措施和气候差异的影响。
