Effects of cholesterol on (Na+,K+)-ATPase ATP hydrolyzing activity in bovine kidney.

The (Na+,K+)-ATPase ATP hydrolyzing activity from rabbit kidney medulla basolateral membrane vesicles was studied as a function of the cholesterol content of the basolateral membranes. The cholesterol content of the membranes was modified by incubation with phospholipid vesicles. When the cholesterol content was increased above that found in the native membrane, the (Na+,K+)-ATPase ATP hydrolyzing activity was inhibited. When the cholesterol content was decreased from that found in the native membranes, the (Na+,K+)-ATPase ATP hydrolyzing activity was inhibited. Analogous effects were found with the K+-activated phosphatase activity of the same membrane vesicles. Therefore, at low cholesterol contents, cholesterol was stimulatory, and at high cholesterol contents, cholesterol was inhibitory. The structural specificity of this effect was tested by introducing lanosterol and ergosterol as 50% of the membrane sterol. Ergosterol was the least effective at supporting (Na+,K+)-ATPase ATP hydrolyzing activity, while lanosterol was more effective, but still not as effective as cholesterol.