Ferreira Haroldo da Silva, Luna Andreza A, Florêncio Telma Maria M T, Assunção Monica L, Horta Bernardo L
1 Post-Graduation Program, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
2 Post-Graduation Program in Epidemiology of the Center for Epidemiological Research of the Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Food Nutr Bull. 2017 Jun;38(2):216-225. doi: 10.1177/0379572117699759.
Population exposed to chronic undernutrition in early life seems to be more susceptible to obesity in adulthood due to the development of mechanisms that improve the efficiency of energy use. Therefore, these individuals have relatively reduced energy requirements (thrifty phenotype).
To investigate, among women living on severe socioeconomic vulnerability, whether short stature, a marker for undernutrition in early life, is associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake.
This cross-sectional study, carried out between July and November 2008, evaluated 1308 women from all (N = 39) Quilombola communities of Alagoas. Adequacy of energy intake was estimated by the ratio between energetic ingestion and the estimated energy requirement (EER).
The prevalence of short stature (≤ 154.8 cm) was 43.0% and 52.4% had excess body weight (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m), being that 33.1% were overweight and 19.3% obese. Excess body weight was higher among women with short stature (56.6% vs 49.2%; P = .008), even after adjusting for age, energy intake, and per capita income (prevalence ratio = 1.16; 95% confidence interval = 1.04; 1.28). The ratio of energy intake/EER was independent of women's stature.
Excess body weight among Quilombola women represents a serious health problem. Short stature was significantly associated with excess body weight but not with a high energy intake. "Thrifty phenotype" may be one of the plausible explanations for this finding.
早年长期处于营养不良状态的人群，由于能量利用效率提高机制的发展，似乎在成年后更容易肥胖。因此，这些个体的能量需求相对降低（节俭型表型）。
在社会经济状况极为脆弱的女性中，调查早年营养不良的标志——身材矮小，是否与体重超标有关，但与高能量摄入无关。
这项横断面研究于2008年7月至11月进行，评估了阿拉戈斯州所有39个基隆博社区的1308名女性。通过能量摄入与估计能量需求（EER）的比值来估计能量摄入是否充足。
身材矮小（≤154.8厘米）的患病率为43.0%，52.4%的人体重超标（体重指数≥25千克/平方米），其中33.1%超重，19.3%肥胖。身材矮小的女性中超重比例更高（56.6%对49.2%；P = 0.008），即使在调整年龄、能量摄入和人均收入后也是如此（患病率比值 = 1.16；95%置信区间 = 1.04；1.28）。能量摄入/EER比值与女性身材无关。
基隆博女性体重超标是一个严重的健康问题。身材矮小与体重超标显著相关，但与高能量摄入无关。“节俭型表型”可能是这一发现的合理解释之一。
