Florêncio T T, Ferreira H S, Cavalcante J C, Sawaya A L
Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2004 Feb;14(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/s0939-4753(04)80044-9.
This cross-sectional study involved the adult population (age >18 and <60 years) of a 315-shack slum on the outskirts of the city of Maceió in North-eastern Brazil. The purpose was to investigate whether short stature in adults (an indicator of undernutrition in early life) is associated with arterial hypertension and obesity.
We collected the subjects socio-economic data, and arterial hypertension (AH), weight, height, waist circumference and waist/hip (W/H) circumference ratio measurements. Hypertension was diagnosed as diastolic AH f 90 mmHg and/or systolic AH f 140 mmHg. The body mass index (BMI) was used to determine nutritional status, with overweight/obesity being defined on the basis of a cut-off point of 25 kg/m2. A W/H ratio of f 0.80 for women or f 0.95 for men was considered indicative of abdominal obesity. Short stature was defined as falling into the 1st quartile (Q) of height distribution. Hypertension was prevalent in 28.5% of the population (women=38.5%; men=18.4%). The systolic and diastolic AH readings were significantly higher in women in the 1st Q than in those in the 4th Q, and the same was true of W/H. The prevalence of hypertension was statistically significant for the first two Q's in comparison with the last two: 22.1% vs 14.6% (men), and 42.4% vs 34.6% (women). Hypertension was more prevalent in women who were obese and short (50%) than in those who were obese but not short (OR=1.98; CI=1.22-2.96).
Living conditions were extremely precarious and the prevalence of hypertension was quite high. Stature negatively correlated with hypertension and overweight in women but not in men.
这项横断面研究涉及巴西东北部马塞约市郊区一个有315间棚屋的贫民窟中的成年人群（年龄>18岁且<60岁）。目的是调查成年人身材矮小（早年营养不良的一个指标）是否与动脉高血压和肥胖有关。
我们收集了受试者的社会经济数据，以及动脉高血压（AH）、体重、身高、腰围和腰臀（W/H）围比测量值。高血压被诊断为舒张压AH≥90 mmHg和/或收缩压AH≥140 mmHg。体重指数（BMI）用于确定营养状况，超重/肥胖根据25 kg/m²的切点定义。女性W/H比≥0.80或男性W/H比≥0.95被认为表明存在腹部肥胖。身材矮小被定义为身高分布处于第一四分位数（Q）。高血压在28.5%的人群中普遍存在（女性=38.5%；男性=18.4%）。第一Q组女性的收缩压和舒张压AH读数显著高于第四Q组女性，W/H比也是如此。与后两个Q组相比，前两个Q组高血压患病率具有统计学意义：男性为22.1%对14.6%，女性为42.4%对34.6%。肥胖且身材矮小的女性中高血压比肥胖但身材不矮小的女性更普遍（50%对OR=1.98；CI=1.22 - 2.96）。
生活条件极其不稳定，高血压患病率相当高。身材矮小与女性的高血压和超重呈负相关，但与男性无关。
