Fritz Jennifer N, Jackson Lynsey M, Stiefler Nicole A, Wimberly Barbara S, Richardson Amy R
University of Houston-Clear Lake.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2017 Jul;50(3):590-599. doi: 10.1002/jaba.395. Epub 2017 May 17.
The effects of noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) without extinction during treatment of problem behavior maintained by social positive reinforcement were evaluated for five individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. A continuous NCR schedule was gradually thinned to a fixed-time 5-min schedule. If problem behavior increased during NCR schedule thinning, a continuous NCR schedule was reinstated and NCR schedule thinning was repeated with differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) included. Results showed an immediate decrease in all participants' problem behavior during continuous NCR, and problem behavior maintained at low levels during NCR schedule thinning for three participants. Problem behavior increased and maintained at higher rates during NCR schedule thinning for two other participants; however, the addition of DRA to the intervention resulted in decreased problem behavior and increased mands.
对五名被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍的个体，评估了在由社会正性强化维持的问题行为治疗期间，无消退的非连续性强化（NCR）的效果。连续NCR方案逐渐缩减为固定时间5分钟的方案。如果在NCR方案缩减期间问题行为增加，则恢复连续NCR方案，并在纳入替代行为差别强化（DRA）的情况下重复NCR方案缩减。结果显示，在连续NCR期间，所有参与者的问题行为立即减少，并且在三名参与者的NCR方案缩减期间，问题行为维持在低水平。在另外两名参与者的NCR方案缩减期间，问题行为增加并维持在较高水平；然而，在干预中加入DRA导致问题行为减少和主动语言增加。
