阿尔茨海默病中的脑血流调节与神经血管功能障碍
Cerebral blood flow regulation and neurovascular dysfunction in Alzheimer disease.
作者信息
Kisler Kassandra, Nelson Amy R, Montagne Axel, Zlokovic Berislav V
机构信息
Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, 1501 San Pablo Street, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
出版信息
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017 Jul;18(7):419-434. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2017.48. Epub 2017 May 18.
Abstract
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation is essential for normal brain function. The mammalian brain has evolved a unique mechanism for CBF control known as neurovascular coupling. This mechanism ensures a rapid increase in the rate of CBF and oxygen delivery to activated brain structures. The neurovascular unit is composed of astrocytes, mural vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes, and endothelia, and regulates neurovascular coupling. This Review article examines the cellular and molecular mechanisms within the neurovascular unit that contribute to CBF control, and neurovascular dysfunction in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer disease.
摘要
脑血流量（CBF）调节对于正常脑功能至关重要。哺乳动物的大脑已经进化出一种独特的CBF控制机制，称为神经血管耦合。这种机制可确保CBF速率和氧气输送到激活的脑结构的快速增加。神经血管单元由星形胶质细胞、血管壁血管平滑肌细胞和周细胞以及内皮细胞组成，并调节神经血管耦合。这篇综述文章探讨了神经血管单元内有助于CBF控制的细胞和分子机制，以及神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病）中的神经血管功能障碍。
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