Rodríguez-Quiroga J J, Otero-Rodiño C, Suárez P, Nieto T P, García Estévez J M, San Juan F, Soengas J L
Laboratorio de Parasitoloxía, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar and ECIMAT, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310, Vigo, Spain.
Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía and ECIMAT, Universidade de Vigo, E-36310, Vigo, Spain.
J Fish Biol. 2017 Jul;91(1):242-259. doi: 10.1111/jfb.13338. Epub 2017 May 17.
The stress response of turbot Scophthalmus maximus was evaluated in fish maintained 8 days under different water depths, normal (NWD, 30 cm depth, total water volume 40 l) or low (LWD, 5 cm depth, total water volume 10 l), in the additional presence of infection-infestation of two pathogens of this species. This was caused by intraperitoneal injection of sublethal doses of the bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida or the parasite Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora:Scuticociliatida). The LWD conditions were stressful for fish, causing increased levels of cortisol in plasma, decreased levels of glycogen in liver and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and increased activities of G6Pase and GSase. The presence of bacteria or parasites in fish under NWD resulted in increased cortisol levels in plasma whereas in liver, changes were of minor importance including decreased levels of lactate and GSase activity. The simultaneous presence of bacteria and parasites in fish under NWD resulted a sharp increase in the levels of cortisol in plasma and decreased levels of glucose. Decreased levels of glycogen and lactate and activities of GSase and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as increased activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) and levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) occurred in the same fish in liver. Finally, the presence of pathogens in S. maximus under stressful conditions elicited by LWD resulted in synergistic actions of both type of stressors in cortisol levels. In liver, the presence of bacteria or parasites induced a synergistic action on several variables such as decreased activities of G6Pase and GSase as well as increased levels of NADP and NADPH and increased activities of GPase, G6PDH and 6PGDH.
在不同水深条件下饲养8天的大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）中评估其应激反应，正常水深（NWD，30厘米深，总水量40升）或低水深（LWD，5厘米深，总水量10升），且该物种同时感染两种病原体。这是通过腹腔注射亚致死剂量的杀鲑气单胞菌亚种杀鲑气单胞菌或寄生虫双盘藻缢虫（纤毛虫纲：盾纤目）引起的。低水深条件对鱼类有压力，导致血浆中皮质醇水平升高、肝脏中糖原水平降低以及烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADP）水平降低，同时葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶（G6Pase）和糖原合成酶（GSase）活性增加。正常水深条件下鱼类感染细菌或寄生虫会导致血浆中皮质醇水平升高，而在肝脏中，变化较小，包括乳酸水平降低和GSase活性降低。正常水深条件下鱼类同时感染细菌和寄生虫会导致血浆中皮质醇水平急剧升高以及葡萄糖水平降低。肝脏中同一批鱼出现糖原和乳酸水平降低以及GSase和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性降低，同时葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PDH）、6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶（6PGDH）活性增加以及烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）水平升高。最后，低水深引发的应激条件下大菱鲆体内存在病原体导致两种应激源在皮质醇水平上产生协同作用。在肝脏中，细菌或寄生虫的存在对几个变量产生协同作用，如G6Pase和GSase活性降低以及NADP和NADPH水平升高，同时GPase、G6PDH和6PGDH活性增加。
